The Thirty-six selected poets by Fujiwara no Kinto (966-1041): Kakinomoto no Hitomaro, Ki no Tsurayuki, Oshikouchin no Mitsune, Ise, Otomo no Yakamochi, Yamabe no Akahito, Ariwara no Narihira, Hensho, Sosei, Ki no Tomonori, Sarumaru Dayu, Ono no Komachi, Fujiwara no Kanesuke, Fujiwara no Asatada, Fujiwara no Atsutada, Fujiwara no Takamitsu, and Minamoto no Kintada. This is the title given to 36 poets: Mibu Tadamine, Saigū no Nyōgo, Ōnakatomi Yoriki, FUJIWARA no Toshiyuki, MINAMOTO no Shigeyuki, MINAMOTO no Muneyuki, MINAMOTO no Nobuaki, FUJIWARA no Kiyomasa, MINAMOTO no Shitago, FUJIWARA no Okikaze, KIYOHARA no Motosuke, SAKANAUE no Korenori, FUJIWARA no Motozane, KOŌgimi, FUJIWARA no Nakabumi, Ōnakatomi Yoshinobu, Mibu Tadami, TAIRA no Kanemori, and Nakatsukasa. Among them, Hitomaro, Yakamochi, and Akahito are Man'yo poets, while the rest are Heian poets before Kinto's time. "Thirty-six ninsen" is an expansion of Prince Tomohira's "Thirty-six ninsen," which originated from a debate between Kinto and Prince Tomohira (964-1009) about the superiority of Tsurayuki and Hitomaro. Excluding Kiyohara no Fukayabu from the original, Akahito, Sarumaru Dayu, Takamitsu, Saigū no Nyōgo, Yoriki, Mōyu, and Genzane are included, and the selection of 150 excellent poems is paired with 10 poems each by Hitomaro, Tsurayuki, Munetsune, and Ise, 3 each by Henshō, Narihira, and others, and 10 each by Kanemori and Nakatsukasa. The Thirty-six Immortal Poets were collected into a collection called "The Thirty-six Immortal Poets" (also called "Kasen Kashu"), and their brief biographies written in classical Chinese were called "The Thirty-six Immortal Poets" (created in the late Heian period). The Thirty-six Immortal Poets became established as the epitome of the immortal form, and works such as "The New Thirty-six Immortals" (late Heian period, lost), "The Later Rokuroku Collection" (by Fujiwara Norikane, late Heian period), "The Thirty-six Immortal Poets of the Wives" (Kamakura period), and "The Shakyamuni Thirty-six Immortal Poets" (Nanboku-cho period) were created. [Juro Sugiya] On the right is Ki no Tsurayuki, and on the left is Omokawachi Munetsune. Written by Hon'ami Koetsu, this is a fully-printed version of the work, published during the Keicho period (1596-1615) . Owned by the National Diet Library . "The Thirty-Six Immortal Poets" Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
藤原公任(きんとう)(966―1041)の『三十六人撰(せん)』に選ばれている、柿本人麿(かきのもとのひとまろ)、紀貫之(きのつらゆき)、凡河内躬恒(おおしこうちのみつね)、伊勢(いせ)、大伴家持(おおとものやかもち)、山部赤人(やまべのあかひと)、在原業平(ありわらのなりひら)、遍昭(へんじょう)、素性(そせい)、紀友則(とものり)、猿丸大夫(さるまるだゆう)、小野小町(おののこまち)、藤原兼輔(かねすけ)、藤原朝忠(あさただ)、藤原敦忠(あつただ)、藤原高光(たかみつ)、源公忠(きんただ)、壬生忠岑(みぶのただみね)、斎宮女御(さいくうのにょうご)、大中臣頼基(おおなかとみのよりもと)、藤原敏行(としゆき)、源重之(しげゆき)、源宗于(むねゆき)、源信明(さねあきら)、藤原清正(きよただ)、源順(したごう)、藤原興風(おきかぜ)、清原元輔(きよはらのもとすけ)、坂上是則(さかのうえのこれのり)、藤原元真(もとざね)、小大君(こおおぎみ/こだいのきみ)、藤原仲文(なかぶみ)、大中臣能宣(よしのぶ)、壬生忠見(ただみ)、平兼盛(かねもり)、中務(なかつかさ)の36歌人に対する呼称。うち人麿、家持、赤人が万葉歌人、以下が公任時代以前の平安歌人である。『三十六人撰』は、公任と具平(ともひら)親王(964―1009)の貫之・人麿優劣論に端を発した、具平親王『三十人撰』を発展させたもので、それにある清原深養父(ふかやぶ)を除き、赤人、猿丸大夫、高光、斎宮女御、頼基、宗于、元真を加え、人麿―貫之、躬恒―伊勢各10首、遍昭―業平以下各3首、兼盛―中務各10首を、それぞれ相対させて番(つが)えた150首からなる秀歌選である。この三十六歌仙の家集を類聚したのが『三十六人集』(『歌仙家集』とも)、その略伝を漢文体で記したのが『三十六人歌仙伝』(平安後期成立)である。三十六歌仙は歌仙形式の典型として定着し、『新三十六人』(平安後期。散逸)、『後六六(のちのろくろく)撰』(藤原範兼(のりかね)。平安後期)、『女房三十六歌仙』(鎌倉時代)、『釈教三十六歌仙』(南北朝時代)などがつくられた。 [杉谷寿郎] 右が紀貫之、左が凡河内躬恒。本阿弥光悦書 整版本 慶長年間(1596~1615)刊国立国会図書館所蔵"> 『三十六歌仙』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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