An administrative commission that investigates and inspects securities trading violations and conducts transaction screening. There was growing demand for a commission independent of the administrative department with the basic goal of "realizing a free, fair, transparent and sound securities market," and the Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission was established in July 1992, modeled on the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Pursuant to Article 54 of the Cabinet Office Establishment Act, it is a deliberative body within the Financial Services Agency, but can exercise its authority independently. Commissioners are appointed by the Prime Minister, serve a three-year term, and cannot be dismissed during their term of office. When investigating illegal cases such as false statements in securities reports, loss compensation, market manipulation, and insider trading, the FSA can carry out compulsory investigations with warrants issued by a judge, and if it is convinced, it can file charges. Based on these investigations, the FSA can also make recommendations and suggestions to the Prime Minister and the Commissioner of the Financial Services Agency regarding administrative sanctions and other measures, and request reports on what measures have actually been taken. In addition, the FSA also monitors the market on a daily basis, conducts on-site inspections of securities companies and other financial institutions, and accepts information from the public via telephone and the Internet. Between July 2007 and June 2008, there were a total of 1,098 transaction inspections, including 141 cases related to price formation, 951 cases related to insider trading, and 6 other cases. The staff of Japan's Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission was 358 at the end of fiscal 2008, and there have been calls for an increase in staff to improve the system. [Keiichi Omura and Sachiko Mannen] "Financial Services Agency Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission, ed., 'Status of the Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission', Annual Edition (Ministry of Finance Printing Bureau)" [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
証券取引に関する犯則事件の調査、検査および取引審査を行うための行政委員会。「自由、公正で透明、健全な証券市場の実現」を基本的目標とする行政部門から独立した委員会の設置を要請する機運が高まり、アメリカのSEC(証券取引委員会)を範として、1992年(平成4)7月に証券取引等監視委員会が設置された。内閣府設置法第54条に基づき、合議制の機関として金融庁に置かれているが、独立してその職権の行使を行うことができる。委員は内閣総理大臣により任命され、任期は3年で在任中罷免されることはない。 有価証券報告書の虚偽記載や損失補填(ほてん)、相場操縦、インサイダー取引等の犯則事件の調査では、裁判官が発行する許可状により強制調査を行い、心証を得た場合は告発を行うことも可能である。また、それらの調査に基づき、行政処分その他の措置について、内閣総理大臣および金融庁長官に対し、勧告、建議を行い、実際どのような措置をとったかについて報告を求めることができる。その他、日常的な市場監視、証券会社等の金融機関に対する臨店による検査、一般からの電話やインターネットを通じた情報受付も行っている。 2007年(平成19)7月から2008年6月にかけての取引審査は、価格形成に関するもの141件、内部者取引に関するもの951件、その他6件の合計1098件であった。日本の証券取引等監視委員会の人員は2008年度末で358人であり、体制整備に向けた増員要求が出されている。 [大村敬一・万年佐知子] 『金融庁証券取引等監視委員会編『証券取引等監視委員会の活動状況』各年版(財務省印刷局)』 [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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