A Chinese medical book. It is considered to be the original source and bible of traditional Chinese medicine, and is said to have been written by Zhang Zhongjing, the governor of Changsha during the Later Han Dynasty (25-220). This book is an empirical medical text that compares typhoid-like acute malignant infections (typhoid fever) with cold-like acute benign infections (paralysis), comprehensively grasps and classifies the pathology that changes over time from onset to termination, and describes in a very clear and straightforward manner the principles of treatment according to the classification, as well as treatment prescriptions and their application methods according to those principles. Therefore, this book is not simply a description of how to respond to typhoid fever or colds, but rather teaches how to view and treat the disease itself, and there is no other book with such content. This is why this book is not only superior to many other medical books, but also why it has not lost its true value even today, 2000 years later, and is still used in the path of saving lives. When we consider that the lifespan of new medicines in modern medicine is often around 10 years, it becomes clear how valuable the arguments and prescriptions in "Shanghan Lun" are. The Treatise on Febrile Diseases is said to have been written by Zhang Zhongjing, but there is no definite proof. Its original form was Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Miscellaneous Diseases, of which the section Treatise on Miscellaneous Diseases was separated into the Jingui Yaolue (Jingui Yaolue). In any case, the contents of Treatise on Febrile Diseases are advanced, approaching the truth well, and it is not the kind of work that could have been written by two or three generations of people. It is assumed that it originated quite anciently because its writing style resembles the Book of Changes, but there is no definite proof, and we can only hope for the future excavation of buried cultural remains to find out how this book was created. Yoshinori Otsuka, who has worked hard to research the creation of Treatise on Febrile Diseases, writes in his book Commentary on Clinical Applications of Treatise on Febrile Diseases (1966) that "I believe that Treatise on Febrile Diseases is a compilation of the medical science that arose in the Jiangnan region from the end of the Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period." [Ken Fujihira] "Clinical Application of the Treatise on Cold and Influenza Disease by Keisetsu Otsuka (1966, Sogensha)" Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国の医学書。漢方医学の原典とも、またバイブルとも目される書であり、後漢(ごかん)(25~220)の時代の長沙(ちょうさ)の太守、張仲景によって著されたといわれる。 腸チフス様の急性悪性感染症(傷寒)と、かぜ症候群様の急性良性感染症(中風)とを相対比させながら、その初発から終末までの、時間の経過とともに変化していく病態を、大局的に把握しかつ分類し、その分類に応じての治療の原則や、その原則に従っての治療処方とその応用の仕方を、きわめて簡明直截(ちょくせつ)に述べた経験医学書である。したがって、本書は単に腸チフスやかぜに対する対応の仕方を述べたというような簡単なものではなく、疾病そのものに対する見方や処置の仕方を教えたものであり、そうした内容の書は他に類をみない。本書が他の多くの医書に優れるばかりでなく、2000年後の現代に至ってもその真価が失われることなく、済生の道に活用されている理由はそうした点にあるといえる。現代医学の新薬の命が、多くは10年前後であるのをみるとき、『傷寒論』の所論と処方とが、いかに価値あるものであるかが明らかになる。『傷寒論』は張仲景の著述とされるが確証はない。もとの形は『傷寒雑病論』で、うち「雑病論」が『金匱要略(きんきようりゃく)』に分けられたとされる。いずれにせよ『傷寒論』の内容は高度であり、真理によく迫っていて、とうてい2代や3代の人によってつくりうる種類のものではない。その文体が『易経』に似ている点から発生はかなり古いと推測されるが、確証はなく、本書成立の経緯に関しては、今後の埋蔵文化の発掘などに期待するしかない。『傷寒論』成立の研究に努めた大塚敬節(よしのり)は、その著『臨床応用傷寒論解説』(1966)で「江南の地方を背景として発生した医学を、漢末より三国時代にかけて集大成したものが傷寒論である、と考えている」としている。 [藤平 健] 『大塚敬節著『臨床応用傷寒論解説』(1966・創元社)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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