Microphthalmia

Japanese: 小眼球 - しょうがんきゅう(英語表記)microphthalmia
Microphthalmia
A congenital eye abnormality that results in the eyeball being small. The normal adult eyeball has a diameter of 24 mm, with a cornea diameter of 11 mm, but when the diameter is less than two-thirds of that, it is called microphthalmia. It is thought that the development of the eyeball stops midway, and parts of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid are often missing, which is called uveal coloboma. The cause is often hereditary, and the inheritance pattern is thought to be autosomal dominant or recessive. Microphthalmia can also be caused by intrauterine viral infection during the 5th to 6th week of fetal development.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
眼球の先天異常で眼球が小さい状態。眼球は成人で直径24mm,角膜の直径11mmがふつうであるが,その2/3程度以下を小眼球という。眼球の発生が途中で停止したものと考えられ,虹彩,毛様体および脈絡膜の一部が欠損していることが多く,これをブドウ膜欠損という。原因は遺伝性のものが多く,遺伝形式としては常染色体優性および劣性遺伝が考えられている。また,胎生5~6週の時期でのウイルスの胎内感染などによっても小眼球になることがある。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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