Little Englandism

Japanese: 小イギリス主義 - しょういぎりすしゅぎ(英語表記)Little Englandism
Little Englandism

In the late 19th century, this term refers to the policy of the Liberal Party led by Gladstone, which sought to reduce the financial burden of the mother country by avoiding colonial expansion. This term was widely used in journalism as a derogatory term for those who opposed the imperialist expansion policy in Africa, which was enthusiastically supported by the British people at the time. In particular, in the general election of 1895, William Vernon Harcourt (1827-1904) and John Morley (1838-1923), who held this position, were defeated, and this was described as a defeat for the Little Englanders. Historians later used this term to symbolize the period in the mid-19th century. However, in recent years, in light of the direct colonization of India and unofficial attempts to expand the empire in China and other countries during this period, the idea that the mid-19th century was a period of Little Englanders has come to be considered a "myth."

[Mayako Ishii]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

19世紀末のイギリスにおいて、植民地拡大を避けて本国の財政負担を軽減しようとするグラッドストーンら自由党の政策基調をさす。このことばは、アフリカへの帝国主義的膨張政策がイギリス国民に熱狂的に支持されていた当時、その政策に反対する考え方への蔑称(べっしょう)としてジャーナリズムで広く用いられた。とくに1895年の総選挙では、この立場をとる自由党内のハーコートWilliam Vernon Harcourt(1827―1904)やモーリーJohn Morley(1838―1923)が落選し、小イギリス主義者の敗北と評された。のちに歴史家は、19世紀中葉の時期を象徴することばとして使った。しかし、最近では、同時期におけるインドの直轄植民地化や中国などでの非公式な帝国拡大の試みなどにかんがみ、19世紀中葉が小イギリス主義の時期であったということは「神話」であるとみなされるに至った。

[石井摩耶子]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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