A prefecture-level city in northern Guizhou Province, China. It is located about 130 km north of Guiyang in the upper reaches of the Xiangjiang River, a branch of the Yangtze River, in the Wujiang River system. It has a population of 8,004,600 (2015). It governs three city districts, seven counties, and two autonomous counties, excluding Xinpu New District, and acts as the governing agent for two county-level cities (as of 2016). It is a transportation hub along the Chuanqiang Line (Chongqing - Guiyang) and the central city of northern Guizhou Province. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the county district was separated to form a city. In 1935, an expanded meeting of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China (Zunyi Conference) was held here during the Long March, where Mao Zedong established his leadership and decided to "move north to resist Japan." It is a distribution center for agricultural and forestry products in the region, and various industries have developed, including steel, metallurgy, machinery, chemical fertilizers made from phosphate ore mined nearby, and textiles based on sericulture, which is centered on tussah silkworms and is popular in the region. It is also a famous producer of sorghum wine, and in the southwestern part of the city, Renhuai, a county-level city, is where the famous Maotai liquor is produced. On the outskirts of the city are the Kailongtun ruins, a military fortress of the Tusi. In 2015, it was registered as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) as part of the "Tusi Ruins" (World Cultural Heritage). [Kikuo Ono, Editorial Department, December 12, 2016] [References] | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国、貴州(きしゅう)省北部の地級市。揚子江(ようすこう)支流烏江(うこう)水系の湘江(しょうこう)上流域、貴陽(きよう)の北約130キロメートルに位置する。人口800万4600(2015)。新蒲(しんぽ)新区を除く、3市轄区、7県、2自治県を管轄し、2県級市の管轄代行を行う(2016年時点)。川黔(せんけん)線(重慶(じゅうけい)―貴陽)沿線の交通要地で、貴州省北部の中心都市である。新中国成立後、県城地区を分離して市を設置した。1935年、長征途中の中国共産党の政治局拡大会議(遵義会議)がこの地で開かれ、毛沢東(もうたくとう)が主導権を確立し「北上抗日」が決定された。 この地方の農林産物の集散地であるとともに、鉄鋼、冶金、機械および付近に産出する燐(りん)鉱石を原料とする化学肥料、この地方で盛んな柞蚕(さくさん)中心の養蚕を基礎とする紡織などの諸工業が発展している。また、高粱酒(カオリャンチウ)の名産地でもあるが、同市南西部の仁懐(じんかい)県級市には有名な茅台酒(マオタイチウ)の産地茅台(ぼうだい)がある。 郊外には土司(どし)の軍事要塞であった海竜屯(かいりゅうとん)遺跡がある。2015年、ユネスコ(国連教育科学文化機関)により「土司の遺跡群」の構成資産として、世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された(世界文化遺産)。 [小野菊雄・編集部 2016年12月12日] [参照項目] | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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