Schlegel, Friedrich von

Japanese: シュレーゲル（英語表記）Schlegel， Friedrich von

Born: March 10, 1772, Hanover
[Died] January 12, 1829. German literary historian, poet, critic, and philosopher. Brother of AW von Schlegel, both leaders of the Romantic art movement. Studied law, philosophy, and classical languages in Göttingen and Leipzig. Initially, he studied Greek and Roman classical literature and Goethe, and started out from a classical standpoint, but later, after breaking away from Schiller, being influenced by Fichte's philosophy, and interacting with artists and women writers in Berlin and Jena, he took a Romantic standpoint. Theoretically, he clarified the concept of "romantic" as opposed to "classical," and established Romanticism as a modern view of art in contrast to classicism. He also pointed out "irony" as a characteristic of Romantic poetry, and focused on the unique mood of "romantic irony." In 1802, he studied Oriental languages and literature in Paris, converted to Catholicism in 1808, and later approached politics and took a reactionary standpoint. His major works include the novel Lucinde (1799) and a comparative linguistic study The Language and Wisdom of the Indians (Über die Sprache und Weisheit der Inder) (1808).

Schlegel
Schlegel, August Wilhelm von

Born: September 8, 1767, Hanover
Died May 12, 1845. Bonn. German critic, translator, and scholar of Oriental languages. Along with his brother F. von Schlegel, he was a leader in the Romantic movement. He is known for his translations of Shakespeare in verse (1797-1810). He studied theology and classical languages at the University of Göttingen. In 1796 he became a lecturer at the University of Jena, and in 1798 an assistant professor. In the same year he founded the magazine Das Athenäum with his brother, and launched the Romantic art movement. He lectured on Über schöne Literatur und Kunst (Literature and Art) (1791-1794) in Berlin and Über dramatische Kunst und Literatur (1799-1800) in Vienna. In 1804 he became acquainted with Madame de Stael, travelled abroad, and in 1818 he became professor of Oriental languages at the University of Bonn. He was known for his vast knowledge and made great efforts to introduce foreign literature, especially works by Shakespeare, Dante, and Calderon, through translation.

Schlegel
Schlegel, Johann Elias

[Born] January 17, 1719, Meissen
[died] August 13, 1749. Sore, Denmark. German Enlightenment playwright and critic. Uncle of the brothers AWv Schlegel and Fv Schlegel. Member of the Bremen Contributions magazine. Known for introducing Shakespeare to the public. His tragedy Canute (1746) and comedy The Silent Beauty (1747) were later praised by Lessing.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1772.3.10. ハノーバー
[没]1829.1.12. ドレスデン
ドイツの文学史家，詩人，批評家，哲学者。 A.W.フォン・シュレーゲルの弟で，ともにロマン主義芸術運動の指導者。ゲッティンゲン，ライプチヒで法律，哲学，古典語学を学んだ。最初，ギリシア・ローマの古典文学，ゲーテを研究し，古典主義の立場から出発したが，のちシラーとの離反，フィヒテの哲学の影響，ベルリン，イェナでの芸術家，女流文学者たちとの交流を経て，ロマン主義の立場に立った。理論的には「古典的」に対して「ロマン的」の概念を明確にし，古典主義に対してロマン主義を近代芸術観として基礎づけた。また，ロマン主義の詩の特質として「イロニー」を指摘し，「ロマン的イロニー」という独特の情調に注目した。 1802年パリで東洋語学・文学を研究，08年カトリックに改宗，のち政治に接近し，反動的立場に立った。主著，小説『ルチンデ』 Lucinde (1799) ，比較言語学的研究『インド人の言語と知恵』 Über die Sprache und Weisheit der Inder (1808) 。

シュレーゲル
Schlegel， August Wilhelm von

[生]1767.9.8. ハノーバー
[没]1845.5.12. ボン
ドイツの批評家，翻訳家，東洋語学者。弟の F.フォン・シュレーゲルとともにロマン主義運動の指導者。シェークスピアの韻文訳 (1797～1810) で知られる。ゲッティンゲン大学で神学，古典語を学んだ。 1796年イェナ大学講師，98年助教授，同年弟とともに雑誌『アテネーウム』 Das Athenäumを創刊し，ロマン主義芸術運動を展開した。ベルリンで『文学と美術』 Über schöne Literatur und Kunst (01～04) ，ウィーンで『劇芸術と文学』 Über dramatische Kunst und Literatur (09～11) を講義，1804年スタール夫人と知合い，外国を旅行，18年ボン大学東洋語学教授。博識をもって鳴り，外国文学，特にシェークスピア，ダンテ，カルデロンの翻訳紹介に努めた。

シュレーゲル
Schlegel， Johann Elias

[生]1719.1.17. マイセン
[没]1749.8.13. デンマーク，ソーレー
ドイツ啓蒙主義の劇作家，評論家。 A.W.v.シュレーゲル，F.v.シュレーゲル兄弟の叔父。雑誌『ブレーメン寄与』の同人。シェークスピアの紹介者として知られる。悲劇『カヌート』 Canut (1746) ，喜劇『沈黙の美女』 Die stumme Schönheit (47) などは，のちにレッシングに称賛された。

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