Mortarboard - Kakubo

Japanese: 角帽 - かくぼう
Mortarboard - Kakubo

A cap worn by university students, with a flat, square top and a tight-fitting opening. After the 13th century, men began wearing a brimless hat called a biretta, which evolved into a rigid hat worn by scholars and clergy in the 16th century and became the basis of the mortarboard. It has been used at Oxford and Cambridge universities since the 14th century. At Western universities, it is worn for ceremonies such as graduation ceremonies, with a tassel in the center of the flat part. In Japan, it was first adopted as the official cap by the University Preparatory School, the predecessor of the University of Tokyo, around 1885 (Meiji 18). Since then, it has been worn as the cap of public and private universities. This hat has a brim. There are also some with a square top with sharp corners, such as at Waseda University. It is becoming less and less popular these days.

[Nobuko Uragami]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

大学生が学帽としてかぶる、上部が平たく四角くて、頭のかぶり口がぴったりしたもの。13世紀以後、男性がかぶり始めたビレッタbirettaとよばれる縁なし帽が、16世紀になって学者や聖職者のかぶる堅い形を整えた帽子となり、角帽のもととなった。オックスフォード大学やケンブリッジ大学では、14世紀以来用いられている。欧米の大学では卒業式など儀式の際に、平たい部分の中央に房飾りのついたものをかぶる。日本では東京大学の前身の大学予備門が制帽として1885年(明治18)ごろ採用したのが始まり。以来、官立・私立の大学の学帽として着用されてきた。この帽子はひさしがついている。また、早稲田(わせだ)大学のように角(かど)がとがった四角い頂部のものもある。最近はしだいにかぶられなくなってきている。

[浦上信子]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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