Chemise (English spelling)

Japanese: シュミーズ（英語表記）chemise

A type of sleeved tunic-like undergarment worn by men and women from the early Middle Ages to the late 19th century, covering the upper body and waist. The origin of the chemise dates back to the ancient Greek chiton, which served as both undergarment and outerwear. There are records that from the 13th century to the early 14th century, the chemise was worn over a smock, which was worn directly against the skin, and a corset was worn over it. Later, men's chemises were called shirts and women's chemises were called smocks, and women's undergarments were simplified. The word chemise disappeared for several centuries, but reappeared at the end of the 18th century as a replacement for smocks. At the time, it was a simple garment without any decoration, but by the mid-19th century, it was decorated with lace, frills, ribbons, etc. Also, at the end of the 19th century, a combination of chemise and drawers in one piece became popular. Later, with the trend towards simplifying underwear, the chemise was omitted, and the slip, which was previously worn to facilitate slipping between the corset and outerwear, also came to serve the purpose of absorbing sweat. The word chemise is also used synonymously with this slip.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中世初頭から 19世紀末までの男女の上半身から腰部をおおう有袖のチュニック型の下着の一種。シュミーズの発生は，下着と上着とを兼ねた古代ギリシアのキトンにまでさかのぼる。 13世紀から 14世紀初期まで，シュミーズは肌に直接着けるスモックの上から重ね，その上にコルセットを着たという記録がみられる。またのちには男性用シュミーズをシャツ，女性用をスモックと呼んで区別し，女性の下着が簡略化された。以後数世紀間，シュミーズは姿を消したが，18世紀末，再びスモックに代る語として登場した。当時は飾りけのない単純なものであったが，19世紀なかばにはレースやフリル，リボンなどで装飾された。また 19世紀末にはシュミーズとドロワーズとを一続きにした，コンビネーションが流行した。その後下着の簡略化の傾向に伴って，シュミーズは省かれ，従来コルセットと上着との間のすべりをよくするために着たスリップが，汗取りの役目も兼ねるようになった。シュミーズの語はまた，このスリップと同義にも用いられる。

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