Makkhali Gosāla (English spelling)

Japanese: マッカリ・ゴーサーラ(英語表記)Makkhali Gosāla
Makkhali Gosāla (English spelling)
One of the free thinkers of ancient India (known as the Six Hereds in Buddhism). He was active in the middle reaches of the Ganges River around the time of the rise of Buddhism in the 5th century BCE. His birth and death dates are unknown. In Chinese translations of Buddhist scriptures, he is transliterated as Sūtra Kāśāśā. He was an ascetic Ajivika theorist and is said to have practiced with Jain Mahāvīra. According to him, living things have 12 elements: soul, earth, water, fire, wind, space, gain, loss, suffering, pleasure, birth, and death. He is said to have taught that, without any will of their own or any influence on each other, we continue to reincarnate for an immeasurable period of 8.4 million great kalpas, as originally determined, and that this will lead to the end of suffering, "just as a spool of thread, when cast away, unravels and runs out" (Sāmaṇa-sūtra).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
古代インドの自由思想家(仏教の側でいう〈六師外道〉)の一人。前5世紀ころ,仏教興起当時のガンガー(ガンジス)川中流域で活躍した。生没年不詳。漢訳仏典では末伽梨瞿舎梨と音訳される。苦行主義のアージービカ教徒の論者で,ジャイナ教のマハービーラといっしょに修行したとされる。彼によれば,生けるものは霊魂,地,水,火,風,虚空,得,失,苦,楽,生,死という12の要素を実体としている。そして,自己の意志によることなく,また互いにいっさい影響しあうことなく,初めに決定されたとおりに,840万大劫という測り知れない期間輪廻しつづけて,〈巻糸が投げられると,解きほぐされて糸が尽きてしまうように〉(《沙門果経》),苦しみの終滅に向かうと説いたとされている。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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