Hugo Stinnes

A major German capitalist. He took over his family's coal and transport businesses, developed them, and expanded into the electricity industry, and already had a foothold in the Ruhr heavy industry before World War I. During the war, he made profits by allying with the military, but as defeat loomed, he completely changed his attitude, recognizing labor unions and forming the Central Labor Community (Stiennes-Regien Agreement) with free labor unions to continue the existing economic system, and led the business world through the revolutionary period. In the early Weimar Republic, he used inflation to build a large conglomerate, and at the same time had great political influence as a member of the German People's Party and negotiator on reparations. It is particularly well known that he plotted to establish an anti-republican dictatorship during the crisis of the Ruhr occupation in 1923.

[Kimura Seiji]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ドイツの大資本家。家業の石炭・運輸業を継いで発展させ、電力業などにも進出、第一次世界大戦前にすでにルール重工業界で地歩を占めた。大戦中は軍部と結んで利益をあげたが、敗戦が迫るとそれまでの態度を一変して、労働組合を承認し、そのかわりに現存経済体制を継続するという中央労働共同体（シュティンネス‐レギーン協定）を自由労働組合らと結んで、経済界が革命期を乗り切るのを指導した。ワイマール共和国前期にはインフレを利用して一大コンツェルンを築き、同時にドイツ人民党国会議員、賠償問題の交渉役として政治的にも大きな影響力をもった。とくに1923年ルール占領の危機の際、反共和国的独裁樹立を画策したことはよく知られている。

［木村靖二］

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