Work restrictions - work restrictions

It refers to restricting or prohibiting certain workers from working in certain jobs in order to prevent harmful effects on workers based on their physical characteristics. In a broad sense, it includes the prohibition of night work for women and minors, restrictions on overtime work, prohibition of underground work, maternity leave, menstrual leave, childcare time/childcare leave, minimum age, and also the 8-hour workday and protective regulations regarding breaks and holidays for general workers. In a narrow sense, it refers to the implementation of special education for general workers before starting work, restrictions on dangerous work for general workers, prohibition of employment for sick people, and restrictions on dangerous and harmful work for women and minors. After the ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women in 1985, the Equal Employment Opportunity Law was enacted and other measures were taken to promote equal employment opportunities for men and women, and the Labor Standards Act's provisions prohibiting night work for women and restrictions on overtime and holiday work were abolished.

[Mitomi Noriyoshi and Sasajima Yoshio]

"Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, ed., 'White Paper on Health, Labor and Welfare', annual edition (Gyosei)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

労働者の身体的特徴などからみて、労働者に有害な影響の及ぶことを防ぐため、一定の労働者の一定の業務への就業を制限もしくは禁止することをいう。広義には女性・年少者に対する深夜業の禁止、時間外労働の制限、坑内労働の禁止、産前産後の休業、生理休暇、育児時間・育児休業、最低年齢、さらに一般の労働者に対する8時間労働制、休憩・休日に関する保護規定などを含めた意味に用いられる。狭義には、一般労働者の就業にあたっての特別教育の実施、一般労働者の危険業務の就業制限、疾病者の就業禁止、女性・年少者に対する危険有害業務の就業制限をいう。1985年（昭和60）の女性差別撤廃条約の批准以降、男女雇用機会均等法の制定など雇用機会の男女均等化を進める過程で、労働基準法における女性に対する深夜業の禁止や時間外および休日労働の制限などの、女性の就業制限に関する条項を廃止した。

［三富紀敬・笹島芳雄］

『厚生労働省編『厚生労働白書』各年版（ぎょうせい）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例