A walking stick carried by a monk on a pilgrimage. In Buddhism, it is one of the eighteen items owned by a monk. The Sanskrit word khakkara is transliterated as kitsukira, kitsukira, or katsukira, and is also translated as shojo, myojo, tokujo, or chijo. The "Shakujo Sutra" explains the religious meaning of the shakujo in detail. It is about eye-height long and generally divided into three parts. The upper part is shaped like a stupa and has a large ring attached to it, and several smaller rings are hung on the large ring so that it makes a sound when it is shaken. There is a popular belief that the six small rings represent the six paramitas of bodhisattva training, but the Zenrinshokisen (28, Kibutsumon) denies this. The middle part is often made of wood, and the lower part is made of animal tusks or horns. The reasons why monks carry shakujo are explained in the Shibunritsu (Vol. 52), Jujuritsu (Vol. 56), and the Daibhikkhu Sanzengikyo (Sutra of Three Thousand Rites) (part 2), among others, and are as follows: (1) to avoid the harm of snakes and insects by waving it when traveling, (2) to help the elderly walk, and (3) to let people know of their arrival when they go begging for alms. When a monk travels, he is called hishakku or junshakku, and when he stays in one place, he is called ryushaku or kashaku. In the Tendai sect of Japan, there is a ceremony in which a short-handled shakujo is waved while chanting Buddhist chants, and this is called the Kujo shakujo or Sanjo shakujo. [Masayuki Nagai] [Reference item] |©Katsuya Nishikawa "> Staff Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
修行者が行脚(あんぎゃ)にあたって携える杖(つえ)。仏教では比丘(びく)(僧)の所持する十八物の一つに数えられる。サンスクリット語のカッカラkhakkharaを音訳して喫吉羅(きつきら)、吉棄羅(きつきら)、隙棄羅(かつきら)、意訳して声杖(しょうじょう)、鳴杖(みょうじょう)、徳杖(とくじょう)、智杖(ちじょう)ともいう。『錫杖経』では、錫杖の宗教的意味を詳細に説いている。ほぼ目の高さほどの長さで、一般に3部分に分かれる。上部は塔婆(とうば)形にかたどって大環をつけ、その大環に数個の小環をかけて、振ったときに音が出るようにする。小環の数を6個として、菩薩(ぼさつ)修行の六波羅蜜(ろくはらみつ)を表すという俗説もあるが、『禅林象器箋(ぜんりんしょうきせん)』(28、器物門)はこれを否定している。中間の部分は木製の柄のものが多く、下部の錞(いしづき)は動物の牙(きば)や角(つの)でつくる。 比丘が錫杖を携帯する理由は、『四分律(しぶんりつ)』(巻52)、『十誦律(じゅうじゅうりつ)』(巻56)、『大比丘三千威儀経(いぎきょう)』(下)などに説かれており、それらによれば、(1)行脚のとき振って音を出して蛇虫の害を避けるため、(2)年老の歩行を助けるため、(3)托鉢(たくはつ)のとき人々に来訪を知らせるためという。僧侶(そうりょ)が行脚することを飛錫(ひしゃく)または巡錫(じゅんしゃく)、一処にとどまることを留錫(りゅうしゃく)、掛錫(かしゃく)という。なお、日本の天台宗では、柄の短い錫杖を振って梵唄(ぼんばい)を唱える儀式があり、九条錫杖、三条錫杖とよばれる。 [永井政之] [参照項目] |©西川勝也"> 錫杖 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Shakushain's Battle - Shakushain's Battle
A port city in the Småland region in southeastern...
…The Persian town was located in the present Jeri...
This refers to the practice of borrowing the Japa...
1402‐72 Ruler of the Kingdom of Texcoco, which onc...
An ancient place name west of Haibara-cho, Nara Pr...
A place name in Ihara County, Suruga Province. In ...
…The name of a piece of gagaku and orchestra. It ...
… In the age of talkies, Poland's film indust...
Part of the digestive tract. A long tube that tra...
...Then it became common to attach sleeves and he...
...His haiku are characterized by a relaxed sensi...
…the meninges encephali and the spinal cord menin...
The dissolution of a socially valid marriage duri...
A medium-sized twin-engine turboprop transport air...
…Diazo film is made by coating diazo compounds an...