Allophane - Arophane (English spelling)

Japanese: アロフェン - あろふぇん(英語表記)allophane
Allophane - Arophane (English spelling)

It is an important clay mineral, widely distributed in soil. Its chemical formula is nAl2O3 · mSiO2 · pH2O , and it is said that in most cases, if n is 1, then m is 1-2 and p is 2-3. It is commonly found as a deposit in hot springs and groundwater, in the decomposition of volcanic rocks and pyroclastic rocks, and as a secondary mineral in metal deposits (where it occurs, it often contains heavy metals such as iron, manganese, and copper). It ranges from fish egg- or crust-like glass-like chunks to spherical particles with diameters of a few tens of angstroms. The name comes from the Greek word meaning "to look different," as its appearance changes when a blowpipe is used.

[Satoshi Matsubara]

[References] | Volcanic rocks | Pyroclastic rocks | Secondary minerals | Clay minerals [Supplementary information] | Allophane (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

重要な粘土鉱物で、土壌中に広く分布する。化学式はnAl2O3・mSiO2・pH2Oで、nを1とするとmは1~2、pは2~3であるものが多いといわれている。温泉や地下水の沈殿物、火山岩、火砕岩(火山砕屑(さいせつ)岩)の分解物、金属鉱床の二次鉱物(この産状のものでは、鉄、マンガン、銅などの重金属を含むことが多い)として普通に産する。魚卵状、皮殻状でガラス塊のようにみえるものから、数十オングストローム程度の直径をもつ球形の粒子まである。名称は、吹管を用いると外観が変化するため、「異なってみえる」という意味のギリシア語に由来する。

[松原 聰]

[参照項目] | 火山岩 | 火山砕屑岩 | 二次鉱物 | 粘土鉱物[補完資料] | アロフェン(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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