A phenomenon unique to the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family, in which the vowel of a stressed syllable is assimilated into the next syllable, such as i, ī, j, u, etc. Examples: Old High German singular kraft (strength), plural krefti; Old English singular nominative burg (city), singular genitive and dative, plural nominative byrig. In modern German, ä, ö, ü are called umlauts in contrast to a, o, u, but these are forms that arise by analogy as well as forms that arise originally from the umlaut phenomenon. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
インド=ヨーロッパ語族のうちゲルマン語派特有の現象で,強勢のある音節の母音が次の音節のi,ī,j,uなどに同化したことをいう。例:古高ドイツ語で単数 kraft (力) ,複数 krefti;古期英語で単数主格 burg (市) ,単数属・与格,複数主格 byrig。現代ドイツ語では,a,o,uに対して,ä,ö,üをウムラウトと呼ぶが,これには本来のウムラウト現象によって生じた形のほかに,類推によって生じたものもある。
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