General meeting of employees - shainsoukai (English) general meeting

Japanese: 社員総会 - しゃいんそうかい（英語表記）general meeting

The highest decision-making body of an association (→ incorporated association) is the general meeting, which is composed of all the members who are members of the association. In a broad sense, it includes the general meeting of shareholders of a joint-stock company, but in general, it is used in a narrower sense, mainly referring to the general meeting of a general incorporated association or a mutual company. (1) In a general incorporated association, the general meeting of members consists of an ordinary general meeting and an extraordinary general meeting (General Incorporated Association and General Incorporated Foundation Law, Article 36, Paragraphs 1 and 2). In a general incorporated association with a board of directors, the board of directors decides to convene a meeting, while in a general incorporated association without a board of directors, the directors decide to convene a meeting (Article 38, Paragraphs 1 and 2). However, members who hold more than one-tenth of the total voting rights of the members (a ratio of up to one-fifth can be specified in the articles of incorporation) can request the directors to convene a meeting (Article 37, Paragraph 1). In a general incorporated association with a board of directors, the board of directors can only resolve matters specified in the General Incorporated Association Law and the articles of incorporation, but in a general incorporated association without a board of directors, the authority of the general meeting of members extends to all matters (Article 35, Paragraphs 1 and 2). Each member has one vote (Article 48, Paragraph 1). Unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation, in principle, members holding a majority of the total number of votes of all members are present at a meeting, and resolutions are made by a majority of the votes of the members present (Article 49, Paragraph 1). (2) In mutual companies, most provisions of the Companies Act are applied mutatis mutandis (Article 41), except that each member has one vote (Article 37 of the Insurance Business Act). In addition, a general meeting of representatives may be established as an institution in place of the general meeting of members (Article 42).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

社団（→社団法人）の構成員である社員全員によって構成される最高意思決定機関である総会。広くは株式会社における株主総会なども含むが，一般的にはそれより狭い意味に用いられ，主として一般社団法人あるいは相互会社の総会をさす。(1) 一般社団法人において，社員総会は定時総会と臨時総会からなる（一般社団法人及び一般財団法人に関する法律〈一般法人法〉36条1，2項）。理事会が設置されている一般社団法人においては理事会が，設置されていない一般社団法人においては理事が招集を決定する（38条1，2項）が，総社員の議決権の 10分の1（5分の1以下の割合を定款で定めることが可能）以上の議決権を有する社員は，理事に対して招集を請求できる（37条1項）。理事会が設置されている一般法人では，一般法人法および定款に定めた事項についてのみ決議できるが，設置されていない一般法人では，社員総会の権限は一切の事項に及ぶ（35条1，2項）。社員は各 1個の議決権を有する（48条1項）。定款に特別な定めをしないかぎり，原則として総社員の議決権の過半数を有する社員が出席し，出席した社員の議決権の過半数をもって決議を行なう（49条1項）。(2) 相互会社においては，社員は各々 1個の議決権を有する（保険業法37条）ことを除き，多くの会社法の規定が準用されている（41条）。また社員総会に代わる機関として総代会を設置することができる（42条）。

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