A national tax established in 1971 (Showa 46) by the Automobile Weight Tax Act with the aim of improving roads and other social capital. Taxable items are automobiles that have undergone a new inspection, continuing inspection, special inspection, overhaul maintenance inspection, or structural change inspection in accordance with the provisions of the Road Transport Vehicle Act, or that have submitted a preliminary automobile inspection certificate and have had a automobile inspection certificate issued or returned, and light automobiles that have been notified of their use and have been assigned a vehicle number. As of 2009, the tax base for automobile weight tax is the number of inspected automobiles and notified light automobiles, and the tax rate is set at a certain amount per automobile according to the classification of the automobile. For example, among inspected automobiles for which the validity period of the automobile inspection certificate is set at three years, passenger automobiles with a vehicle weight of 0.5 tons or less are taxed at 7,500 yen, those with a vehicle weight of over 0.5 tons are taxed at 7,500 yen for each 0.5 ton or fraction of the vehicle weight, and light automobiles are taxed at 7,500 yen. The tax rate set out in the main law is 2,500 yen per 0.5 ton for private automobiles, but the automobile weight tax was also subject to a provisional tax rate, which was raised to 5,000 yen in 1974, 6,300 yen in 1976, and 7,500 yen in 2006. A policy to abolish the provisional tax rate has been proposed, but has not yet been realized. The taxpayer is the person who is issued the motor vehicle inspection certificate and the person who is assigned a vehicle number, and is obligated to pay motor vehicle weight tax on the inspected motor vehicle and the notified motor vehicle. Two-thirds of the revenue from the automobile weight tax is designated as a general revenue source for the national government, but the remaining one-third is to be allocated to municipalities as road development revenue sources according to the Automobile Weight Grant Tax Law, based on the length and area of municipal roads managed by each municipality and recorded in the road register stipulated in the Road Law. Although the automobile weight tax is a general revenue source under the law, it was decided from the beginning that it would be a specific revenue source for operational purposes. In the FY2009 budget, the amount of automobile weight tax revenue was 646 billion yen, accounting for 1.4% of the total national tax revenue of 46,103 billion yen. [Masatoshi Hayashi] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
道路やその他の社会資本の充実を目的として1971年(昭和46)に自動車重量税法により創設された国税。 課税物件は、道路運送車両法の規定により、新規検査、継続検査、臨時検査、分解整備検査もしくは構造等変更検査を受け、または自動車予備検査証を提出して自動車検査証の交付または返付を受ける自動車、および使用の届出をして車両番号の指定を受ける軽自動車である。 2009年(平成21)現在において、自動車重量税の課税標準は検査自動車および届出軽自動車の数量であり、その税率は自動車の区分に応じ1両につきいくらという金額で定められる。例をあげると、自動車検査証の有効期間が3年と定められた検査自動車のうち、乗用自動車は車両重量が0.5トン以下のものは7500円、車両重量が0.5トンを超えるものについては車両重量が0.5トンまたはその端数ごとに7500円、軽自動車の場合には7500円である。本則に規定された税率は、自家用車で0.5トン当り2500円であるが、自動車重量税にも暫定税率が適用されており、1974年(昭和49)には同5000円、1976年には同6300円に、さらに2006年(平成18)から同7500円に引き上げられた。暫定税率廃止の方針は打ち出されているが、まだ実現していない。納税義務者は、自動車検査証の交付等を受ける者および車両番号の指定を受ける者であり、当該検査自動車および届出自動車につき、自動車重量税を納める義務がある。 自動車重量税は、その税収のうち3分の2は国の一般財源とされるが、残りの3分の1は自動車重量譲与税法により、道路法に規定する道路台帳に記載されている市町村道で各市町村が管理するものの延長および面積に案分して、市町村の道路整備財源として譲与されることになっている。自動車重量税は法律上は一般財源であるが、当初から運用上特定財源とする、とされた。2009年度予算においては、自動車重量税の税収額は6460億円で国税歳入総額46兆1030億円の1.4%を占める。 [林 正寿] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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