Ideological reform - Shiso Kaizo (English spelling)

Japanese: 思想改造 - しそうかいぞう（英語表記）sī xiǎng gǎi zào

The self-reform and self-transformation of intellectuals, which took place over several years on a nationwide scale after the founding of the People's Republic of China, was called ideological reform. In New China, in order to thoroughly implement democratic reform and promote industrial construction, it was essential to win the voluntary and active contributions of intellectuals in the fields of culture and education, as well as in various fields. However, many of these intellectuals came from exploitative families such as landlords, and had formed themselves through a Western-style bourgeois education. An organized study movement was launched to help them change the habits and ideas they had brought over from the old society and to adopt a worker or even proletarian stance.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中華人民共和国成立後，数年にわたり全国的な範囲と規模でおこなわれた知識人の自己改造･自己変革を思想改造という。新中国では民主的改革の徹底化と工業建設の推進のために，文化･教育界および各分野の知識人の自発的･積極的貢献をかちとることが不可欠であったが，知識人の多くは地主など搾取者の家庭に出自し，欧米式のブルジョア教育で自己形成をとげたものであった。彼らが旧社会から持ちこんできた習慣や思想を改造し，勤労者さらにはプロレタリアへ立場を移すよう，組織的な学習運動がおこなわれた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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