Facility soil - Shisetsudojo

Japanese: 施設土壌 - しせつどじょう

This refers to the soil used when growing crops in facilities such as vinyl greenhouses and glass greenhouses. In recent years, the area of indoor cultivation has rapidly increased in Japan due to the remarkable spread of forcing and retarding cultivation of vegetables. It is said that the annual amount of irrigation in indoor cultivation is only 20 to 25% of the annual precipitation, so there is almost no runoff of fertilizer components from the soil, and if heavy fertilizer cultivation continues, fertilizer components accumulate in the soil, causing salt concentration damage in which crops begin to wither from the leaf edges. In addition, since there is no free exchange of gases with the outside air inside the facility, gas damage can occur in crops due to the volatilization of nitrite in acidic soil and the volatilization of ammonia gas in soil with high soil reactivity.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ビニルハウスやガラス温室など施設内で作物を栽培するとき用いる土壌をいう。近年，日本では野菜の促成･抑制栽培のめざましい普及により，施設栽培の面積は急増している。施設栽培では年間の灌水量が年間降水量の20～25％にしかあたらないといわれ，そのため肥料成分の土壌からの流亡はほとんど起こらず，多肥栽培が続くと土壌中に肥料成分が集積し，作物が葉縁から枯れはじめる塩類濃度障害がでる。また，施設内は外気と自由なガス交換が行われないため，酸性土壌では亜硝酸の揮散，土壌反応の高い土壌ではアンモニアガスの揮散により，ガス障害が作物にでることもある。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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