Shizuoka Incident

In June 1886 (Meiji 19), a plot to overthrow the government by former members of the Liberal Party and others was discovered, leading to mass arrests in Shizuoka, Tokyo, Aichi, Gifu and other prefectures. This incident is said to be the final intensification of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, and was planned by the Shizuoka group including Minato Shotaro and Suzuki Ototaka, the Hamamatsu group including Nakano Jirosaburo, and the Aichi and Gifu groups including Hirose Shigeo and Koike Isamu. In 1884, in the midst of a turbulent and unsettling situation where the poverty of rural areas was deepening due to the progress of Matsukata's deflationary policy, the uprisings of the Kominto and the Kakuritsuto, and frequent tenant farming riots, they aimed to overthrow the government through a nationwide armed uprising, and contacted comrades in Kabasan, Iida, and the Nagoya Incident, and committed robberies to obtain military funds and strengthen the solidarity of their comrades. However, their desire for a nationwide simultaneous uprising was ultimately not realized, and other escalating incidents were suppressed one by one or discovered before they could begin, and their comrades were arrested. The comrades in the Shizuoka Incident gave up on the idea of ​​raising an army, and after 1885 they changed their policy to assassinating high-ranking government officials, and the main comrades went to Tokyo and made preparations to assassinate Prime Minister Ito Hirobumi and other ministers, but their plan was exposed by a spy and they were arrested. The government erased all elements of this crime as a crime against the state, and executed the accused for pure robbery. In July 1987, 25 of the accused were sentenced to prison terms of up to 15 years, and those guilty of serious crimes were eventually sent to Hokkaido to serve their sentences.

[Kiyoshi Haraguchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1886年（明治19）6月、旧自由党員その他による政府転覆計画が発覚し、静岡を中心に東京、愛知、岐阜などの府県で一斉検挙が行われた事件。自由民権運動の最後の激化事件といわれ、湊省太郎(みなとしょうたろう)、鈴木音高(おとたか)らの静岡グループ、中野二郎三郎(じろさぶろう)らの浜松グループ、広瀬重雄(しげお)、小池勇(いさむ)らの愛知・岐阜グループによって計画された。彼らは84年には、松方デフレ政策の進行による農村の窮乏の深化と困民(こんみん)党・借金党の蜂起(ほうき)、小作騒擾(そうじょう)の頻発など騒然とした不穏の状況のなかで、全国的武装蜂起による政府転覆を目ざし、加波山(かばさん)、飯田(いいだ)、名古屋事件の同志その他と連絡し、また軍資金獲得と同志の結束強化のための強盗を行った。しかし、全国的一斉蜂起の願望は結局実現せず、他の激化事件は各個的に鎮圧されたり未然に発覚して、同志は検挙された。静岡事件の同志は挙兵方針に見切りをつけ、85年以降は政府高官暗殺の方針に転換し、おもな同志は上京して東京で首相伊藤博文(ひろぶみ)その他の大臣暗殺の準備を進めたが、密偵によって計画は露顕し逮捕された。政府は、この事件の国事犯的要素をすべて抹殺し、純然たる強盗罪として処刑した。87年7月、被告25名が有期徒刑15年以下の刑に処せられ、このうち重罪の者はやがて北海道に送られ刑に服した。

［原口　清］

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