A cardboard matrix used to make letterpress reproduction plates for typesetting and other letterpress printing. A cardboard matrix is made by pasting or cutting together cardboard, and has the plasticity, smoothness, heat resistance, and strength required to faithfully reproduce the pattern of the plate. There are two types of cardboard matrix: packed and non-packed. The former requires packing, i.e., reinforcing the backing with paper, after the mold is made. The latter has a thick base paper (1.4 to 1.8 mm) and is somewhat expensive, but the back is flat even after the mold is made and does not require packing. To make a cardboard matrix, the cardboard matrix is placed on the plate to be reproduced, and a cardboard mold-making machine is used to apply strong pressure and heat. There are dry and wet methods for this process, but the dry method is the most commonly used today. Molten lead alloy is poured into this cardboard matrix to make a lead plate, i.e., a reproduction plate. Since type cannot be attached to a rotary printing press, the cardboard matrix is first made and then turned into a round lead plate, which is then attached to the printing press. Paper molds are light and don't take up much space, so they are used as storage versions. [Fumio Hiraishi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
活字組版など凸版の複製版をつくるときに使う厚紙の母型。紙型原紙は、貼(は)り合わせ、あるいは抄(す)き合わせてつくった厚紙で、版の模様を忠実に再現するために必要な塑性、平滑性、耐熱性、強度を備えている。紙型にはパック紙型とノンパック紙型とがあり、前者は型取りしたのち、裏にパック、すなわち紙で部分的に裏張りの補強をする必要がある。後者は原紙が厚く(1.4~1.8ミリメートル)、多少高価であるが、紙型取り後も裏が平らでパックの必要がない。紙型をつくるには、複製しようとする版面上に紙型原紙を置き、紙型取り機を用い、強圧加熱してつくる。この作業には乾式法と湿式法があるが、現在はほとんど乾式法である。この紙型に溶融した鉛合金を流し込んで鉛版、すなわち複製版をつくる。輪転印刷機では活字を取り付けられないから、いったん紙型をとり、丸鉛版にして印刷機に取り付ける。紙型は軽く、かさばらないので、保存版として使われる。 [平石文雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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