It is an instant food product that is made by immediately drying pre-cooked rice, and is ready in a few minutes after pouring in hot water. During World War II, in response to a demand for "cooking rice without using fire," chemist Nikuni Jiro developed the first "dried rice" based on the theory of J.R. Katz of the Netherlands. In other words, by thermally drying normally cooked rice to a moisture content of 8-9% or less, it is possible to prevent starch aging and keep it close to freshly cooked for a long period of time. If the same volume of water (about 1.4 times the weight) is added to this "dried rice," it can be made into cold rice in about an hour in summer (25-30°C). Of course, if boiling water is used, it becomes warm rice in a few minutes. After that, drying methods and ideas to make it easier to rehydrate were added, and it is now commercially available in the form of instant rice. It is useful in conditions where rice cannot be cooked well, such as when hiking or on a fishing boat, but the taste is still not as good as that of normally cooked rice. Recently, alpha rice, which is produced by quickly dehydrating rice in alcohol after cooking, has come to be used in some places for sake brewing. This alpha rice has been attracting attention because it has the advantage that substances that interfere with sake brewing, such as free fatty acids, are removed with alcohol, and it streamlines sake brewing facilities (no need for rice washing or steaming equipment, and less wastewater is produced). [Fuwa Eiji] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
あらかじめ炊飯した米をただちに乾燥したもので、湯を注いで数分後に飯ができあがる即席食品である。第二次世界大戦中「火を使わずに飯を炊く」という要請から、化学者の二国(にくに)二郎が、オランダのカッツJ. R. Katzの理論に基づき研究開発した「乾燥飯」が最初である。すなわち、普通に炊いた飯を熱乾燥し、水分含有量を8~9%以下とすると、デンプンの老化を防ぎ、長期間炊きたてに近い状態に保つことができる。この「乾燥飯」に同容量(重量で約1.4倍)の水を加えると、夏季(25~30℃)では約1時間で冷や飯ができる。もちろん熱湯であれば、数分間で温かい飯となる。その後、乾燥方法や戻しやすいようにくふうが加えられ、インスタントライスなどの形で市販されているものもある。飯がうまく炊けない条件、たとえば登山や漁船などで重宝されているが、食味は、やはり普通に炊いた飯のようにはいかない。 最近、炊飯後アルコールで急速脱水して製造したα米が、酒造米として一部用いられている。このα米は、遊離脂肪酸など酒造りのじゃまになる物質がアルコールで除かれている利点と、酒造設備の合理化(洗米や蒸米設備が不要、また廃水が少なくなる)で注目されている。 [不破英次] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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