Shikamazu

Japanese: 飾磨津 - しかまづ

A port town in Harima Province. Also written as Shikamanzu. Located in the southern part of present-day Himeji City, Hyogo Prefecture, it faced the Harima Nada Sea. In the area, Shikamasu Manor, which was part of the Yakushiji Temple estate in Nara, existed from the end of the Heian period to the Kamakura period, and Shikamanzu Beppu existed from the Nanboku-cho period, and in the Edo period, it flourished as an outer port for Himeji Castle. Shikamasu Manor and Shikamanzu Beppu are identified with the area on the left bank of the mouth of the Yumesaki River, and in the Edo period, Shikamatsu in Shikitou County occupied a long area stretching from north to south from the right bank of the downstream Noda River to the left bank of the downstream Senba River. In ancient times, it was Shikamae, which appears in the Manyoshu, and Shikama, Shikama River, and Shikama City are known as utamakura. In 1002, Emperor Kazan disembarked at Shikamatsu Minato to visit Mt. Shosha (now Engyo-ji Temple in Himeji City). In the mid-Kamakura period, Ippen performed Beji Nembutsu in Shikamatsu, where people lived together. During the Edo period, Shikamatsu developed as a port town after Ikeda Terumasa became the governor of Harima Province. In parallel with the construction of Himeji Castle from 1601 to 1609, Terumasa excavated a canal (Sanzaemonbori) that connected the castle to Shikamatsu, and along this canal, a town called "Twenty Towns of Shikamatsu" was formed, including six towns in Urate and five in Okate. In 1682, the 20 towns had 1,530 houses with a population of 9,927, and paid land rent of 9 kanme. In 1808, Himeji Domain established a cotton monopoly, established a domestic cotton trading company, and began shipping cotton from Shikama Port to Edo. In 1940, it became part of Shikama City, and in 1946, Shikama City was merged into Himeji City.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

播磨国にあった港町。飾万津とも書く。現在の兵庫県姫路市の南部に位置し，播磨灘に面していた。一帯には，平安末期から鎌倉期まで奈良薬師寺領の飾磨荘，南北朝期頃から飾万津別符(べっぷ)が存在し，江戸時代は姫路城下の外港として栄えた。飾磨荘・飾万津別符は夢前(ゆめさき)川河口の左岸一帯に比定され，江戸時代の飾東(しきとう)郡飾磨津は野田川下流右岸から船場(せんば)川下流左岸にかけての南北に長い地域を占めていた。古くは《万葉集》にみえる飾磨江(しかまえ)にあたり，飾磨・飾磨川・飾磨市などは歌枕として知られる。1002年に花山(かざん)法皇が書写(しょしゃ)山（現姫路市の円教寺）に参詣するため〈飾磨津湊〉で下船している。鎌倉中期には，一遍(いっぺん)が人々の集住する飾磨津で別時念仏を行っている。江戸時代の飾磨津が港町として発展するのは，池田輝政が播磨一国の大守として入部してからである。輝政は1601年から1609年にかけて姫路城築城と並行して姫路城下から飾磨津に通じる運河（三左衛門堀）を開削し，この運河沿いに浦手(うらて)６町と岡手(おかて)５町を含む〈飾磨津町二十町〉と称される町場が形成された。1682年の20町の家数は1530軒，人数は9927人で，地子銀９貫目を上納していた。1808年に姫路藩の木綿専売が施行され，国産会所を設立，飾磨津からの江戸積みが開始された。1940年に飾磨市の一部となり，1946年には飾磨市が姫路市に合併した。
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