A large sea turtle of the order Testudins, family Chelonidae, class Reptilia. Also known as Shogakubo, it is found in tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. Its carapace is smooth and its scales do not overlap. When young, it is a deep olive color, but as it grows, irregular brown or pale yellow radial or cloud-like patterns appear, and the carapace pattern changes greatly. There are basically four pairs of costal plates, but variations do occur. Usually, the first costal plate does not connect to the top plate, and there is only one pair of frontal plates. Mature ones can reach a carapace length of 1.2 meters and weigh over 300 kilograms. This sea turtle is strongly herbivorous (algae-eating), preferring flowering plants such as Hydrocharis and Zostera gracilis that thrive in shallow waters, as well as brown and green algae, and is known to migrate between feeding grounds and spawning grounds. In Japan, from April to May through summer, they can be seen coming ashore to spawn on islands south of Yakushima and the Ogasawara Islands, but globally, this is near the northern limit of their distribution, and resources are small. In some areas, subadults are called Asahi bekko. [Uchida Itaru] [Reference] |©Takahiro Matsui "> Major types of turtles (2) [specimen pictures] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
爬虫(はちゅう)綱カメ目ウミガメ科のカメ。正覚坊(しょうがくぼう)ともよばれる大形のウミガメ。世界の熱帯から亜熱帯の海洋に分布する。背甲は滑らかで各鱗板(りんばん)は重なることがなく、若齢時は濃いオリーブ色であるが、成長とともに不規則な褐色や淡黄色の放射状や雲状の模様が現れるなど甲の紋様には変化が多い。肋甲板(ろっこうばん)は4対を基本とするが変異もある。普通、第1肋甲板は頂甲板に接することはなく前額板は1対である。老成したものは甲長1.2メートル、体重300キログラムを超える。浅海に繁茂するトチカガミ科やリュウキュウアマモ科などの顕花植物や褐藻・緑藻類などの海藻も好む草食(藻食)性傾向の強いウミガメで、餌場(えさば)と産卵場の間を回遊することで知られている。日本では4~5月ごろより夏にかけて、屋久島(やくしま)以南の島々および小笠原諸島(おがさわらしょとう)などで産卵上陸がみられるが、世界的にみると分布の北限に近く、資源は小さい。地方によって亜成体のものをアサヒベッコウなどとよぶところもある。 [内田 至] [参照項目] |©松井孝爾"> カメのおもな種類(2)〔標本画〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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