Sawatogarashi (Sawatogarashi) - Sawatogarashi (English name) Deinostema violaceum (Maxim.) Yamaz.

Japanese: サワトウガラシ(沢唐辛子) - サワトウガラシ（英語表記）Deinostema violaceum (Maxim.) Yamaz.

An annual plant of the Scrophulariaceae family that grows in marshes (illustration). The stem is erect and 5-20 cm tall. The leaves are opposite, linear lanceolate, long and pointed at the tip, and 0.5-1 cm long. From August to October, a single reddish purple flower is borne at the end of a slender stalk that appears at the side of the upper leaves. The calyx is bell-shaped and deeply divided into five parts. The corolla is labiate and 5-6 mm long. There are two stamens, and the filaments are twisted once. There are two small pseudostamens below the corolla. The capsule is egg-shaped, elliptical, divided into two parts, and 3 mm long. Cleistocene flowers are borne in the leaf axils below the middle of the stem.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

湿地に生えるゴマノハグサ科の一年草（イラスト）。茎は直立して高さ5～20cm。葉は対生し，線状披針形で先は長くとがり，長さ0.5～1cm。8～10月，上部の葉のわきごとにでる細長い花柄の先に紅紫色の花を1個つける。萼は鐘形で深く5裂。花冠は唇形で長さ5～6mm。おしべは2本，花糸は1回ねじれる。花冠の下側に2個の小さな仮雄蕊（かゆうずい）がある。蒴果（さくか）は卵状楕円形で2裂し，長さ3mm。茎の中部以下の葉腋（ようえき）に閉鎖花をつける。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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