Battle of Sarfu - Battle of Sarfu

Japanese: サルフの戦 - サルフのたたかい

This battle marked a major turning point in the transition from the Ming to the Qing dynasties in China. In 1618 (46th year of the Wanli era), Nurhaci, the founder of the Qing dynasty, challenged the Ming dynasty, announcing the Seven Great Vengeances, and captured Fushun and Qinghe. In the following year, under the overall command of Yang Hao, the Ming divided its 100,000-strong army into four fronts and marched toward Nurhaci's base in Hetaala (Xingjing) on the banks of the Suzi River. Meanwhile, Nurhaci, considering his own inferior strength of 60,000, avoided a strategy of defeating each enemy individually, and instead gathered all his troops at Sarhu Mountain, at the confluence of the Suzi River and the Hun River, to intercept the Ming's main force of 30,000 troops on the Western Route.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国，明･清交替の重大転機となった会戦。清の太祖ヌルハチは，1618年(万暦46)明に対する七大恨を掲げて明に挑戦し，撫順，清河を陥れたので，明は翌19年楊鎬（ようこう）の総指揮の下に10万の大軍を4方面軍に分け，ヌルハチの本拠である蘇子河畔のヘトアラ(興京)に向けて進発させた。いっぽうヌルハチはみずからの兵力6万の劣勢にかんがみ，各個撃破の戦法を避け，その全軍を蘇子河と渾河の合流点に立つサルフ(薩爾滸)山に集結して，明の主力の西路方面軍3万を迎撃した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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