Samovar - samowāru (English spelling) самовар/samovar Russian

Japanese: サモワール - さもわーる(英語表記)самовар/samovar ロシア語
Samovar - samowāru (English spelling) самовар/samovar Russian

A water boiler unique to Russia. The name samovar means "boils by itself" and spread in Russia around the 19th century along with the popularity of black tea. Samovar is also used in tea drinking countries such as Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, and is especially popular in tea shops and train station stalls in these countries.

Fuel such as charcoal is placed in the central iron cylinder, which heats the water in the tank surrounding it; water is added by removing the lid at the top and hot water is dispensed by turning the tap on the outside. A pot of strong black tea is kept warm on top of the fuel cylinder and poured into each person's cup, which is then diluted with hot water before being served. The exterior is made of copper, brass, silver, tin, etc., and there are a variety of tea kettle designs, from those that are beautifully decorated to those that are practical. In recent years, those that are fitted with electric heaters for heating have become more common.

In Russia, tea time is around 4 o'clock after meals or before dinner, but people also drink tea using samovars at other times. Therefore, in the harsh cold weather, samovars have been considered important tools that allow people to drink hot drinks at any time. Tula, a Moscow suburb, is well known as a famous place where samovars are produced.

[Tomomi Kono]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ロシア特有の湯沸かし器。サモワールという名前は「ひとりでに沸く」という意味で、ロシアでは19世紀ごろに紅茶の普及とともに広がった。ロシア以外にも、紅茶を飲用するイラン、トルコ、アフガニスタン、パキスタンなどで使われており、とくにこれらの国のチャイ・ハナ(茶店)や駅の屋台の道具となっている。

 中央の鉄製の筒に木炭などの燃料を入れ、その周囲にある水槽の水が温められる仕組みとなっており、水は上部の蓋(ふた)をとって補給し、外側のコックをひねって湯を出す。濃いめに出した紅茶のポットを燃料の筒の上で保温し、各自のカップに注ぎ分け、湯を注いで薄めて勧める。外側には銅、真鍮(しんちゅう)、銀、錫(すず)などが用いられ、美しい装飾を凝らしたものから実用的なものまで、さまざまなものがある。近年は加熱に電気ヒーターを取り付けたものが広まっている。

 ロシアでは食後や夕食前の4時ごろがティータイムとなっているが、それ以外にも何回となくサモワールを用いて紅茶を飲む。したがって寒さの厳しい生活のなかで、いつでも温かい飲み物を飲むことができるたいせつな器具とされてきた。名産地としては、モスクワ郊外のトゥーラがよく知られている。

[河野友美]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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