Sanuki Plain - Sanuki Heiya

Japanese: 讃岐平野 - さぬきへいや
Sanuki Plain - Sanuki Heiya

A general term for the plains that spread somewhat discontinuously across the northern part of Kagawa Prefecture. They consist of alluvial fans and deltas formed by river deposits from the Saita River, Doki River, Koto River, Kamobe River, and other rivers that radiate down from the Sanuki Mountains in the south. These plains are divided into the Mitoyo Plain, Marugame Plain, Takamatsu Plain, and Okawa Plain. Ryoke granite from the late Mesozoic era, typified by Aji stone, a famous stone material, forms the base of the plains, and the quartz-rich sand formed by the weathering of the granite, along with the green pines, creates a beautiful coastal landscape of white sand and green pines. In the late Tertiary period of the Cenozoic era, there was intense volcanic activity in the Setouchi region, which erupted large amounts of lava (Sanuki rock, Sanuki-like andesite) on top of this base, forming a vast lava plateau. This lava plateau was eroded, creating the unique topography of the Sanuki Plain, such as plateau-like mesas and cone-shaped buttes. Representative examples of mesas include Yashima, Kokubudai (Goshikidai), Kiyama, and Oosayama (Zouzusan), while examples of buttes include Iinoyama, Mutsumeyama, and Shirayama. Development was long ago, and there are many remains of jori grids and place names in the Marugame Plain and Takamatsu Plain, and settlements are often scattered. Annual precipitation is low at about 1,200 mm, and the rate of rice paddy fields is about twice the national average, so about 20,000 reservoirs of various sizes, including Mannoike, were built at the foot of the mountains, in the valleys, and even on the plains, and are used for rice paddy irrigation.

[Osamu Niimi]

Yashima
Photographed from the east. Megijima Island is on the right. Setonaikai National Park. Nationally designated historic site. Nationally designated natural monument. Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture. ©Kagawa Prefecture Tourism Association .

Yashima

Goshikidai
Photographed from the south. Setonaikai National Park area. Takamatsu City and Sakaide City, Kagawa Prefecture ©Kagawa Prefecture Tourism Association

Goshikidai

Mount Iino
View from the south, towards Marugame City. Setonaikai National Park area. Sakaide City and Marugame City, Kagawa Prefecture ©Kagawa Prefecture Tourism Association

Mount Iino

Mannoike Pond
Mannou Town, Nakatado District, Kagawa Prefecture ©Kagawa Prefecture Tourism Association

Mannoike Pond


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

香川県北部にやや不連続に広がる平野の総称。南の讃岐山脈から放射状に流下する財田(さいた)川、土器(どき)川、香東(こうとう)川、鴨部(かべ)川などの河川堆積(たいせき)物により形成された扇状地と三角州からなる。これらの平野は、三豊(みとよ)平野、丸亀(まるがめ)平野、高松平野、大川平野などに区分される。石材として有名な庵治(あじ)石に代表される中生代後期の領家花崗岩(りょうけかこうがん)が平野の基盤をなし、花崗岩が風化してできた石英の多い砂は松の緑とともに白砂青松の美しい海岸の風景を構成する。新生代第三紀後期に瀬戸内地域では激しい火山活動があり、この基盤の上に大量の溶岩(讃岐岩、讃岐岩質安山岩)を噴出し、広大な溶岩台地が形成された。この溶岩台地は侵食を受け、台地状のメサや円錐(えんすい)状のビュートといった讃岐平野独特の地形がつくられた。メサの代表例は屋島、国分台(五色台)、城山(きやま)、大麻(おおさ)山(象頭山(ぞうずさん))などで、ビュートの例は飯野(いいの)山、六目山(むつめやま)、白山(しらやま)などである。開発は古く、丸亀平野、高松平野などには条里遺構、条里地名が数多くみられ、集落は散村的形態をとることが多い。年降水量が約1200ミリメートルと少なく、水田率は全国平均の約2倍と高いために、満濃池(まんのういけ)をはじめ大小約2万の溜池(ためいけ)が山麓(さんろく)や谷、さらに平野部に築かれ、水田灌漑(かんがい)に利用されている。

[新見 治]

屋島
東方上空より撮影。右は女木島。瀬戸内海国立公園域。国指定史跡 国指定天然記念物 香川県高松市©公益社団法人香川県観光協会">

屋島

五色台
南方上空より撮影。瀬戸内海国立公園域。香川県高松市・坂出市©公益社団法人香川県観光協会">

五色台

飯野山
南方の丸亀市側からの眺望。瀬戸内海国立公園域。香川県坂出市・丸亀市©公益社団法人香川県観光協会">

飯野山

満濃池
香川県仲多度郡まんのう町©公益社団法人香川県観光協会">

満濃池


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