Zasshou - Zasshou

Japanese: 雑掌 - ざっしょう

〘Noun〙① During the Nara and Heian periods, officials from various provinces came to Kyoto as attendants to Shidoshi (four-time envoys), such as messengers to gather at the Imperial Court. This was a temporary job title, and they were in charge of handling official documents. Later, they also began to perform the duties of the Shidoshi. Shidoshi Zassho (four-time envoy miscellaneous staff) . *Shosoin documents - December 24, 734 (Tenpyo 6), Owari Province Tax Register "Zassho Rice Goju Sansoku Niha Rikubun"② From the Heian period onwards, this was the job title of officials based in the provincial government offices. They were involved in handling official documents and transporting tributes (fukochoyokanmotsumizumono) to the central government. Later, as the system of remote appointments by kokushi became more common, some officials also appeared who usually stayed in Kyoto and worked on national document affairs (Zassho in Kyoto). These were often held by lower-ranking government officials in addition to their main posts, and they often did not use their real names, but rather used pseudonyms such as Hata Seiyasu or Cho Seiyasu. Kuni Zassho (Provincial Assistant) . *Sandai Kaku-8, 10th year of Jowa (843), March 15, "Gunji's general office receives the return documents of _various government offices and houses, collects _{the documents} , _and _gives the administrative assistant the administrative assistant request for return documents, _gives the administrative assistant _the _{administrative} assistant _report , and _compiles the _{administrative assistant} _report ." ③ In the Middle Ages, this was a job title that existed at the head office of a manor. When a lawsuit was filed regarding a manor, the head office would represent the head office and write the complaint and petition as a litigation agent, and appear in court to argue. The zassho who were in charge of lawsuits in Kyoto were specifically called satsa zassho, and those who were in charge of manor duties such as tax collection were sometimes called shomu zassho (such as yokosho). ※Todaiji Documents - December 3, 1129 (4th year of Taiji), Myohoka Kanbun "Report. Iga Kokushi files a complaint against the Todaiji Kuroda Manor for three irregularities." ※Taiheiki (late 14th century) 1 "In order to have the Honjo Zatsusho be left to the manor family as the Rokuhara matter." ④ In the Middle Ages, a person temporarily appointed to handle repairs and construction of temples and shrines. Also, in the Muromachi period, a person was temporarily appointed for events such as when the Shogun visited various feudal lords. Zatsusho Magistrate. ※Azuma Kagami - May 7, 1214 (2nd year of Kenpo), " _{There were 28} people appointed as _{_Zatsusho} _{and one person} ." ⑤ A person who served aristocrats and samurai families and performed miscellaneous tasks. ※Newly added - June 22, 1247 ( _1st year of the Hōji era): "The rebels (omitted) and other people such as Kyoto's miscellaneous servants and _provincial magistrates, _{_however,} were _not investigated and _reported , _{and it was decided} that _{there would} be a _plan ." ⑥ On April 5, 1872 ( 5th year of the Meiji era ), this was a staff member in the Imperial Household Ministry who was in charge of miscellaneous affairs at the Imperial Court. It was abolished on February 4, 1876. ⑦ ⇒ Zasshō (miscellaneous food)

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 奈良・平安時代、朝集使など四度使(よどのつかい・しどし)の随員として上京してきた諸国の官人。臨時の職名で公文書の取扱いをつかさどった。後、四度使の職務をも代行するようになった。四度使雑掌(しどしざっしょう)。※正倉院文書‐天平六年（734）一二月二四日・尾張国正税帳「雑掌粮伍拾参束弐把陸分」② 平安時代以降、国衙の在庁官人の職名。公文書の取扱い、中央への貢納物（封戸調庸官物雑物）の運送などにたずさわる。後、国司遙任制が一般化するに従って、通常、在京して国の文書事務に従事する者もあらわれた（在京雑掌）。これらは中央の下級官人が本官のほかに兼務していることが多く、実名を名のらず、秦成安、調成安のような仮名(けみょう)を名のることが多かった。国雑掌(くにざっしょう)。※三代格‐八・承和一〇年（843）三月一五日「郡司綱領受_二取諸司諸家返抄収文_一付_二授雑掌_一、雑掌為_レ請_二返抄_一与_二寮官_一共勘_二会抄帳_一」③ 中世、荘園の本所などにあった職名。荘園に関する訴訟が提起された場合、本所を代表し訴訟代理人として訴状・陳状を書き進め、法廷に出頭して弁論する。なお在京して訴訟を担当する雑掌を特に沙汰雑掌と呼び、荘園にあって租税徴収などの荘務に当る者を所務雑掌（預所など）と称することもあった。※東大寺文書‐大治四年（1129）一二月三日・明法家勘文「勘申。伊賀国司訴申東大寺黒田庄雑掌参箇条理非事」※太平記（１４Ｃ後）一「本所の雑掌を、六波羅の沙汰として、荘家にしすへん為に」④ 中世、寺社などの修理造営に際して臨時に定められた担当者。また、室町時代、諸大名家へ将軍が臨むときなどの行事に際しても臨時に定められた。雑掌奉行。※吾妻鏡‐建保二年（1214）五月七日「所_レ被_レ定_二十八人雑掌_一也」⑤ 貴族、武家に仕えて雑務に奉仕した者。※新編追加‐宝治元年（1247）六月二二日「謀叛之輩〈略〉其外京都雑掌・国々代官所従等事者、雖_レ不_レ及_二御沙汰_一委尋明、随_二注申_一、追可_レ有_二御計_一之由」⑥ 明治五年（一八七二）四月五日、宮内省におかれた職員で、宮中の雑務をつかさどった判任官。同一九年二月四日廃止。⑦ ⇒ざっしょう（雑餉）

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