A device for collecting samples from the surface or deeper parts of seawater or land water. A double rubber bucket is used to collect surface samples. Special buckets are used for samples below the surface, and are tipped at a specified depth by a messenger (weight) dropped along a wire or rope, and then covered with a lid. There are many types, such as multi-cylinder water samplers and insulated water samplers, but the tipping water sampler with a tipping thermometer developed by Nansen has long been used for oceanographic observations. Subsequently, with the practical application of the Conductivity-Temperature-Depth profiler (CTD), in the 1980s, multi-cylinder water samplers became common, consisting of a base on which a CTD is attached, with an attachment device attached, and 12 to 24 Niskin water samplers (consisting of a rigid PVC cylindrical part, a lid, a spring for closing the lid, and a fixing rod; samples with capacities of 1 to 30 liters are commercially available) attached in a radial arrangement (rosette-like). [Masao Hanzawa and Riro Saeki] "Development of a rosette-type sterile water sampler for marine microbial research" (2001) by Hirokazu Owada ; "Introduction to marine observation" (2002, Kouseisha Kouseikaku) by Tetsuo Yanagi [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
海水、陸水の表面やそれ以深の試水を採取する器械。表面採水にはゴム製二重バケツが用いられる。表面以深用には特別のものが用いられ、ワイヤやロープに沿って落下されるメッセンジャー(おもり)により所定の深度で転倒させたり、蓋(ふた)をしたりして採水する。多筒採水器、絶縁採水器など多くの形式があるが、海洋観測用にはナンセンの開発した転倒温度計付きの転倒採水器が長く使われてきた。その後、電気伝導度水温水深計Conductivity-Temperature-Depth profiler(CTD)の実用化により、1980年代に入り、多筒採水器としてCTDを取り付けた台座に取付装置をつけ、放射状(ロゼット状)に12~24本のニスキン採水器(硬質塩化ビニル製の円筒部分と蓋、蓋を閉じるためのばね、固定用ロッドからなる。容量は1~30リットルのものが市販されている)を取り付けたロゼット型採水器が一般化している。 [半澤正男・佐伯理郎] 『大和田紘一著・刊『海洋微生物研究のためのロゼット型無菌各層採水器の開発』(2001)』▽『柳哲雄著『海洋観測入門』(2002・恒星社厚生閣)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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