Constantine XI

Japanese: コンスタンティノス[11世]（英語表記）Kōnstantinos XI

1404‐53
Byzantine Emperor. Reigned 1449-53. Sometimes called Constantine XII. Son of Manuel II and Prince of the Morea (1441-49), he ascended to the throne after the death of his brother John VIII. His country was already under siege by the Ottoman Turks, and although he had declared the unification of the Church at the Councils of Ferrara and Florence (1439), he received no military aid from the West and faced fierce domestic opposition. While he was in a difficult position, he was attacked by Sultan Mehmed II on May 29, 1453, and he himself, the last emperor, was killed in hand-to-hand combat in the city.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1404‐53
ビザンティン皇帝。在位1449‐53年。コンスタンティノス12世とする場合もある。マヌエル2世の子でモレア公国の君主(1441‐49)であったが，兄ヨハネス8世の死後即位。国土はすでにオスマン･トルコ勢に包囲され，フェラーラ，フィレンツェの公会議(1439)で教会統一を宣言したものの，西欧の軍事援助は得られず国内の猛反対にもあい，窮地に立つうちに1453年5月29日にスルタン･メフメト2世の大攻撃を受け，自身も最後の皇帝として市内の白兵戦に倒れた。

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