...On the other hand, the speed at which a spacecraft re-enters the atmosphere is extremely high. For example, the Apollo spacecraft re-entered the atmosphere at M 37, and its front surface reached 5,000-6,000°C. Early spacecraft, including the Apollo spacecraft, were cooled by using the heat of sublimation when the heat-resistant resin applied to the surface of the craft sublimated (ablation method). The Space Shuttle, which is designed for reuse, is trying to reduce the re-entry speed (to about M 25), but even so, the nose and underside of the main wings reach over 1,000°C over a wide area, and the entire surface is covered with ceramic heat-resistant tiles to deal with aerodynamic heating. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to the "ablation method" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…一方,宇宙船の場合,大気圏に再突入する際の速度は非常に大きく,例えばアポロ宇宙船はM37で大気圏に再突入したので,その前面は5000~6000℃にもなった。アポロ宇宙船をはじめとする初期の宇宙船は,機体表面に塗布した耐熱樹脂が昇華する際の昇華熱を利用して冷却を行っていた(アブレーション方式)。再利用を目的としたスペースシャトルは再突入時の速度を低くする努力をしている(M25程度)が,それでも機首や主翼の下面は広範囲にわたって1000℃以上になり,全面をセラミックの耐熱タイルでおおって空力加熱に対処している。… ※「アブレーション方式」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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