Gold God - Konjin

Japanese: 金神 - こんじん
Gold God - Konjin

A god of direction that must be avoided and feared. It is said to have originated from the theory of Yin-Yang and the five elements, but this is not certain. Currently, there are only a few documents related to the Konjin, such as the medieval Hohitsunaiden. According to these, a major characteristic of the Konjin is that he travels around. There are different theories about the directions, but for example, the directions of the Horse, Sheep, Monkey, and Rooster are considered to be bad directions in the year of Kouki, the Dragon, Snake, Dog, and Pig in the year of Otsuko, the Rat, Ox, Monkey, and Rooster in the year of Bouki, the Rat, Ox, Tiger, and Rabbit in the year of Heishin, and the Tiger, Rabbit, Dog, and Pig in the year of Tingjin. If you violate these directions by building or traveling, seven members of your family will surely be killed, which is called the Seven Killings of the Gold God. It was believed that if a family had fewer than seven people, the misfortune would extend to the neighboring houses. The Katatagae (diversions of direction) practiced widely during the Heian period was caused by this theory of the God of Gold. This knowledge was spread by practitioners of folk religions such as Shugen. In the Chugoku region, particularly Okayama Prefecture, many homes worship the God of Gold as a dwelling deity. It is said that Konkokyo was founded with the God of Gold as its foundation.

[Masaru Sasaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

忌避しなければならないと畏(おそ)れられている方位の神。陰陽五行説に起源をもつとされているが、さだかではない。現在のところ、金神に関する文献は中世の『簠簋内伝(ほひつないでん)』など限られている。それらによると、金神は遊行(ゆぎょう)するということが大きな特徴である。方位については異説があるが、たとえば、甲己(こうき)の年は午(うま)・未(ひつじ)・申(さる)・酉(とり)、乙庚(おつこう)の年は辰(たつ)・巳(み)・戌(いぬ)・亥(い)、戊癸(ぼき)の年は子(ね)・丑(うし)・申(さる)・酉(とり)、丙辛(へいしん)の年は子・丑・寅(とら)・卯(う)、丁壬(ていじん)の年は寅・卯・戌・亥の方(かた)を忌むべき方位としている。これを犯して建築や旅などをすると、金神七殺(こんじんしちせつ)といってかならず家族7人が殺される。家族が7人に満たないときはその災いが隣家に及ぶと考えられた。平安時代に盛んに行われた方違(かたたがえ)は、こうした金神説に伴って引き起こされたものである。これらの知識が修験(しゅげん)などの民間宗教者によって広められた。岡山県などを中心とする中国地方においては、金神を屋敷神として祀(まつ)る家が少なくない。金光(こんこう)教は金神を基盤として創立したものであるといわれている。

[佐々木勝]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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