Iron bacteria

Japanese: 鉄細菌 - てつさいきん(英語表記)iron bacteria
Iron bacteria

Bacteria that obtain energy for carbon dioxide assimilation by oxidizing ferrous iron to ferric iron with molecular oxygen. Iron in soil is insoluble in either organic or inorganic form, but it becomes soluble directly or indirectly through the action of iron bacteria. Iron bacteria include the genera Gallionella , Leptothrix , and Siderocapsa , all of which accumulate large amounts of iron hydroxide, but only the genus Siderocapsa has the ability to assimilate carbon dioxide. Thiobacillus ferrooxidans also oxidizes ferrous iron under acidic conditions to fix carbon dioxide. Because the energy required for the oxidation of ferrous iron is small, a large amount of ferrous iron is required, resulting in the production of ferric hydroxide (III) Fe(OH) 3 .

[Masami Soneda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

二価鉄イオンを分子状酸素で三価鉄イオンに酸化することによって炭酸同化のエネルギーを得る細菌。土壌中の鉄は有機または無機の形をとり、不溶性であるが、鉄細菌の作用によって、直接または間接的に溶解性となる。鉄細菌には、ネジレ鉄細菌属Gallionella、イト鉄細菌属Leptothrix、鉄細菌属Siderocapsaなどがあり、いずれも水酸化鉄を多量に蓄積するが、炭酸ガス(二酸化炭素)の同化性をもつものはネジレ鉄細菌属だけである。また、チオバチルスThiobacillus ferrooxidansは酸性条件下で二価鉄を酸化して炭酸を固定する。二価鉄の酸化によるエネルギーは小さいため、多量の二価鉄が必要であり、その結果、水酸化鉄(Ⅲ)Fe(OH)3ができる。

[曽根田正己]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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