A Chinese calendar system. Created by Xu Ang during the Tang Dynasty, it was in use for 71 years from 822. It uses a solar year of 365.24464285 days, a lunar month of 29.53059523 days, and improvements were made to the calculation of solar and lunar eclipses. It was introduced to Japan in 859 (Jogan 1), and in 861, at the request of Okasuga no Asomaro, it was put into use, and was used for a long period of 823 years until 1684 (Jokyo 1). Due to such a long period of use, discrepancies arose between the calendar's calculations and the actual celestial phenomena, with the discrepancy reaching as much as two days. Furthermore, discrepancies with celestial phenomena, such as solar and lunar eclipses recorded in the calendar not actually occurring or eclipses that did occur not being recorded in the calendar, attracted public attention, and in 1685 the "Jokyo calendar" created by Shibukawa (Yasui) Harumi was adopted and implemented. [Toshio Watanabe] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国の暦法の一つ。唐代に徐昂(じょこう)がつくり、822年から71年間施行された。その用数は、太陽年が365.24464285日、朔望(さくぼう)月が29.53059523日で、日月食の推算に改良が加えられていた。日本には859年(貞観1)に伝来、861年、大春日朝臣真野麻呂(おおかすがのあそんまのまろ)の奏請で施行されることになり、1684年(貞享1)まで823年の長い間、用いられた。このような長期間の使用のため、暦の推算と実際の天象の間には相違が生じ、その差は2日にも及んだ。また暦に日食や月食が記してあっても実際にはおきなかったり、実際にはおきても暦に記載がないなど、天象との不一致が世人の注目するところとなり、1685年から渋川(しぶかわ)(保井(やすい))春海(はるみ)のつくった「貞享(じょうきょう)暦」が採用施行されることになった。 [渡辺敏夫] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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