In general inorganic pigments, it refers to blue pigments whose main component is ferric ferrocyanide, and is called various names such as iron blue, Prussian blue, Milory blue, etc. In contrast, in the field of ceramic pigments, it refers to a mixture of cobalt oxide and kaolin or rosewood that is fired (also called yakinukigosu). (1) General inorganic pigments Initially, potassium ferrocyanide was used as the raw material, but due to its difficulty in obtaining and high cost, by-product cyanide is used. When it was developed, it was called potassium ferrocyanide, but now it is called ammonium ferrocyanide. The manufacturing method is to make sodium ferrocyanide by reacting sodium cyanide with ferrous sulfate (II) (ferrous sulfate), and then to make sodium ferrocyanide with ferrous sulfate (II) in the presence of ammonium sulfate. The white precipitate that is formed is aged under acidic sulfuric acid and oxidized with sodium chlorate to turn blue. The precipitate is filtered, dried and crushed. The crystal structure is cubic, and its chemical formula is NH 4 Fe [Fe(CN) 6 ]. It is resistant to acids but weak to alkalis. The larger the particle, the more the color changes from greenish blue to reddish blue. It is used in printing inks, paints, and paints. (2) Ceramic pigment A blue in the CoO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 system, obtained by mixing cobalt oxide with kaolin or rosewood and firing at 1200°C. The Prussian blue color can also be obtained by adding cobalt oxide directly to the glaze. Nevertheless, the purpose of creating this pigment is to dilute and increase the amount of cobalt oxide so that it can be easily dispersed in the glaze, since it is difficult to disperse it evenly in the glaze by adding a small amount of cobalt oxide directly to the glaze (about 2% of the glaze's weight). The second reason is that the trivalent cobalt in tricobalt tetroxide Co 3 O 4 (CoOCo 2 O 3 ), which is mixed in with cobalt oxide, causes foaming in the glaze, so it is necessary to keep it divalent. During firing, a spinel mainly composed of CoOAl 2 O 3 is produced, and all of the cobalt is kept in a divalent state. Unlike Kaiheki (a ceramic pigment called cobalt blue), it is made from kaolin and rosewood, so it has good affinity with the base and glaze, and is used for underglazes and bases. In the case of lime glazes, the absorption valley is around 450 to 700 millimicrons, and the color is closer to purple than when it is kneaded into the base. [Jun Otsuka] Prussian blue. It has low reflection in the blue part of about 460 nm (nanometers), and on the long wavelength side there is a deep absorption valley, cutting off a large amount of light from green-blue to red. This is why it has a deep blue color. ©Shogakukan "> Spectral reflectance curve of Prussian blue (inorganic pigment) CoO-AlO-SiO. (1) has Co absorption at approximately 495, 550, and 630 nm (nanometers), which is almost the same as CoOAlO. In the case of (2), there is an absorption valley from approximately 450 to 700 nm . Spectral reflectance curve of Prussian blue (ceramic pigment) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一般の無機顔料では、フェロシアン化鉄を主成分とする青色顔料をさし、アイアンブルー、プルシアンブルー、ミロリーブルーなど種々の呼称がある。これに対し、セラミック顔料の分野では、酸化コバルトとカオリンあるいはろう石を配合し焼成したもの(焼貫呉須(やきぬきごす)ともいわれている)をさす。 (1)一般の無機顔料 当初、黄血塩(フェロシアン化カリウム)を原料としたが、入手難、コスト高から、副生の青酸を利用する。開発されたときはカリ紺青であったが、現在はアンモニウム紺青である。製法は、シアン化ナトリウムと硫酸鉄(Ⅱ)(硫酸第一鉄)の反応により、フェロシアン化ナトリウムをつくり、次にこれと硫酸鉄(Ⅱ)を、硫酸アンモニウムの存在下で反応させ、生成した白色沈殿を、硫酸酸性下で熟成し、塩素酸ナトリウムで酸化すると青くなる。この沈殿を濾過(ろか)、乾燥し粉砕する。結晶構造は立方晶、その化学式はNH4Fe[Fe(CN)6]。酸には強いがアルカリには弱い。粒子が大きくなるほど、緑み青から赤み青になる。印刷インキ、塗料、絵の具などに用いられる。 (2)セラミック顔料 CoO-Al2O3-SiO2系の青で、酸化コバルトにカオリンあるいはろう石を配合、1200℃に焼成して得られる。酸化コバルトを直接釉(ゆう)に加えても紺青の色は得られる。それにもかかわらず、この顔料をつくる目的は、少量の酸化コバルトを釉に直接加えても(釉の重量の2%ぐらい)、釉中に均一に分散させることはむずかしく、これを何かで希釈増量した形にして、釉中に分散させやすくすることと、いま一つは、酸化コバルトに混在する四酸化三コバルトCo3O4すなわち(CoOCo2O3)中の3価のコバルトが釉の発泡の原因となり、これを2価としておく必要があるためである。焼成中に生成するものはCoOAl2O3を主体とするスピネルで、コバルトは全量2価の状態で保持されている。海碧(かいへき)(セラミック顔料のコバルトブルー)と違って、カオリンやろう石を原料にするため、素地や釉との親和性がよく、下絵用、素地用にも使われる。石灰釉の場合は約450~700ミリミクロン付近まで吸収の谷となり、素地練り込みの場合より、紫に寄った青となっている。 [大塚 淳] プルシアンブルー。約460nm(ナノメートル)の青の部分に低い反射があり、その長波長側は深い吸収の谷となって、緑青から赤までを大きくカットする。このため深青色を示す©Shogakukan"> 紺青の分光反射率曲線(無機顔料) CoO-AlO-SiO。(1)には、CoOAlOとほぼ一致する約495、550、630nm(ナノメートル)の位置に、Coの吸収がある。(2)の場合は、約450~700nm付近まで吸収の谷となっている©Shogakukan"> 紺青の分光反射率曲線(セラミック顔料) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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