Fixed - Kogen

Japanese: 固関 - こげん

In ancient times, when important national events occurred, imperial envoys (Kansekishi) were sent to guard checkpoints in various provinces. In particular, when an emperor abdicated or died, or when there was civil war, security was tightened at the three checkpoints of Suzuka in Ise Province, Fuwa in Mino Province, and Arachi in Echizen Province (later known as Osaka in Omi Province). In response to this, relaxing the security and opening the checkpoints was called Kaigen. This became a formality in the late Heian period.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

古代，国家の重大事に際し，勅使 (固関使) を出して諸国の関所を警固させたこと。特に天皇の譲位，崩御，そのほか内乱に際しては，伊勢国鈴鹿，美濃国不破，越前国愛発 (あらち。のち近江国逢坂) の三関の警備を厳重にした。これに対し，固めていた警備を解いて関を開くことを開関 (かいげん) といった。これは平安時代後期には形式化していった。

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