National Land Use Planning Act

Japanese: 国土利用計画法 - こくどりようけいかくほう
National Land Use Planning Act

The Land Use Planning and Regulation Law, No. 92 of 1974, was enacted against the backdrop of the abnormal land transaction boom and chaotic development in the 1960s. Its basic principle is to ensure a healthy and cultural living environment and promote balanced development of the land, considering that the land is a limited resource for the people of the present and future, and also a common foundation for various activities related to life and production. National plans, prefectural plans, and municipal plans are established as national land use plans, and prefectures set five areas as basic land use plans: urban, agricultural, forest, natural park, and nature conservation. In addition, it stipulates the permission and notification systems for land transactions, as well as advice on how to utilize unused land. The permission system for land transactions has never been used because it is a strong intervention in private transactions, but the notification system was used under a system of recommending the cancellation of contracts when land prices were significantly unreasonable as a measure against land price bubbles. However, when land prices fell, the system was operated in a way that did not match the market reality.

[Yasuhito Abe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

総合的かつ計画的な国土の利用を図ることを目的とする土地利用計画・規制法。昭和49年法律第92号。昭和40年代の異常な土地取引ブームと乱開発を背景として制定された。その基本理念は、国土が現在および将来における国民のための限られた資源であるとともに、生活および生産を通ずる諸活動の共通の基盤であることにかんがみ、健康で文化的な生活環境の確保と国土の均衡ある発展を図ることにある。国土利用計画として、全国計画、都道府県計画、市町村計画が定められ、都道府県は土地利用基本計画として都市、農業、森林、自然公園、自然保全の五つの地域を定める。このほか、土地取引に関する許可制や届出制について、また遊休土地活用方法の助言についても規定している。土地取引についての許可制は私的取引への強力な介入であるため用いられたことがないが、届出制は地価バブル対策として地価が著しく適正を欠く場合には契約中止の勧告をするというシステムのもとで活用された。しかし、地価下落時にはかえって市場の実勢にあわない運用がなされた。

[阿部泰隆]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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