County Magistrate - Koribugyo

From the mid-Muromachi period onwards, this was a title given to feudal lords, who supervised the daimyo and were in charge of the government affairs of the counties and villages within their domains. In the Edo Shogunate, they also ruled the Shogunate territories in the Kamigata and Kanto regions from the Kan'ei (1624-44) to Kanbun (1661-73) periods, but in general they came to refer to local officials in charge of the administration of the counties and villages of each domain. In principle, there was one for each county, and they were appointed from mid-ranking samurai. In the domain, they were generally ranked below the gundai, and under them were the goumetsuke (village inspector), daikan (deputy governor), and tedai ​​(clerk). They mainly worked in the county office under the castle, and were in charge of general civil affairs, such as managing the farmers within the domain, collecting taxes, and filing lawsuits.

[Nao Murakami]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

室町中期以後、諸大名の間に置かれた職名で、代官を指導して領内の郡村の政務をつかさどった。江戸幕府においても寛永(かんえい)（1624～44）～寛文(かんぶん)（1661～73）期に上方(かみがた)、関東方の幕府領を支配したが、一般には各藩の郡村の行政にあたる地方官の呼称となった。原則として1郡1人の割合で、中堅層の藩士から任命された。藩では一般に郡代の下に位置し、またその配下に郷目付(ごうめつけ)、代官、手代(てだい)などがいた。おもに城下の郡役所で執務し、領内の農民の管理、年貢の徴収、訴訟など民政全般を管掌した。

［村上　直］

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