Dracula was a 15th-century Wallachian ruler known as Vlad Tepes (Vlad the Impaler), who murdered 20,000 Turks and Bulgarians by impaling them on stakes during a war against the Turks. His cruelty was also said to have been the result of slander spread by his enemy, the Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus, because he was an independent man as the ruler of a small country surrounded by the great powers of the Holy Roman Empire, Turkey, and Hungary. The vampire legend surrounding Dracula is sometimes interpreted as a metaphor for feudalism and the conditions before the bourgeois revolution (PO Choczewicz), but ironically this buried anti-civil society hero has repeatedly been resurrected in civil society, giving rise to films such as the stage production Dracula (1925) directed by H. Dean, Nosferatu (1922) directed by FW Murnau, and Dracula (1931) directed by T. Browning, and has nurtured such famous Dracula actors as Bela Lugosi and Christopher Lee. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Mattias Corvinus" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ドラキュラのモデルは15世紀に実在したワラキア公国の領主ブラド・ツェペシュ(ブラド串刺し公)とされ,史実によれば,公は対トルコ戦において2万人のトルコ人並びにブルガリア人を杭に刺して惨殺したという。一方彼の残虐性は,神聖ローマ帝国,トルコ,ハンガリーの列強に囲まれた小国の君主として,彼が不羈独立の気概の持主であったゆえに,敵王たるハンガリーのマティアス・コルウィヌスMattias Corvinusによって流布させられた中傷ともいう。ドラキュラにまつわる吸血鬼伝説は〈封建主義とブルジョア革命以前の諸状態のメタファー〉(P.O.ホチェウィッツ)と解されもするが,皮肉なことに葬り去られたこの反市民社会的ヒーローは,市民社会のなかに繰り返しよみがえり,H.ディーン演出による舞台《ドラキュラ》(1925)をはじめ,F.W.ムルナウ監督の《ノスフェラトゥ》(1922),T.ブラウニング監督の《魔人ドラキュラ》(1931)等の映画作品を生み,ベラ・ルゴシBela Lugosi,クリストファー・リーChristopher Leeのような名ドラキュラ俳優を育てた。… ※「Mattias Corvinus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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