Kono Togama

Japanese: 河野敏鎌 - こうの・とがま

Year of death: April 24, 1895 (Meiji 28)
Year of birth: 1844.11.29 (10.20)
A Tosa (Kochi) samurai in the late Edo period. A loyalist to the emperor, a Meiji government official, and a politician. He was the eldest son of Tosa samurai Kono Michiyoshi, commonly known as Manjuya. At the end of the Ansei era, he traveled to Edo to study, and studied under the Confucian scholar Yasui Sokken. While in Edo, he struck up a friendship with Takechi Zuizan, and in August 1861, he participated in the formation of the Tosa Kinno Party, and in September, he returned home with Zuizan and gathered together his comrades. In 1862, he supported the domain lord Yamauchi Toyonori and went to Kyoto to work on the loyalist movement. In 1863, the domain's opinion again shifted to a union of the imperial court and the shogunate, and the Kinno Party was imprisoned, with Toshikama also sentenced to life imprisonment. He was pardoned after the Meiji Restoration, and from 1869 he served in the seventh rank of the Ministry of Finance, was a councilor for Hiroshima Prefecture, and in 1872 was appointed Junior Justice. He went on a business trip to Europe (1872-73). After returning to Japan, he became Grand Justice and Chief Prosecutor. He was trusted by the Minister of Home Affairs, Okubo Toshimichi, and became a provisional chief judge, where he tried those involved in the Saga Rebellion (1874). In 1875, he became a member of the House of Elders. After the end of the Seinan War (1877), he became the presiding judge of the Provisional Court and was in charge of the war criminal trials. In 1888, he became the Minister of Education, and in 1889, he became the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce. In 1891, he resigned from office in a political upheaval. In 1892, he participated in the founding of the Constitutional Reform Party led by Okuma Shigenobu and became Deputy Prime Minister, but in 1893, he called for the party's dissolution and left. He served as a Privy Councilor (1888-1892), Minister of Agriculture and Commerce and Minister of Justice (first Matsukata Masayoshi cabinet), Minister of Home Affairs (same cabinet), and Minister of Education (second Ito Hirobumi cabinet), and in 1896, he became a Viscount. <References> "Ishin Tosa Kinno-shi" edited by Zuizankai, and "Tosa Ijin-den" (Biographies of Great Men) by Teraishi Masamichi

(Atsushi Fukuchi)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：明治28.4.24(1895)
生年：弘化1.10.20(1844.11.29)
幕末の土佐(高知)藩士。勤王の志士,明治政府官僚,政治家。土佐藩士河野通好の長男。通称万寿弥。安政末年江戸に遊学,儒者安井息軒に師事。江戸滞在中の武市瑞山と意気投合,文久1(1861)年8月土佐勤王党結成に参画,9月瑞山と共に帰郷し同志を糾合した。2年,藩主山内豊範を擁して入京,勤王運動に努めた。3年藩論は再び公武合体に転じ勤王党の獄が起こり,敏鎌も禁獄,永牢に処せられた。維新後赦免され,明治2(1869)年以後大蔵省7等出仕,広島県参事などを経て5年司法少丞。欧州出張(1872～73)。帰国後司法大丞兼大検事。内務卿大久保利通に信頼され権大判事となり佐賀の乱(1874)関係者を裁断。8年元老院議官。西南戦争(1877)終結後,臨時裁判所裁判長となり戦犯審理をつかさどった。13年文部卿,14年農商務卿。14年政変で下野。15年大隈重信の立憲改進党創設に参画して副総理に就任,17年解党を主張して党を離れた。枢密顧問官(1888～92),農商務大臣兼司法大臣(第1次松方正義内閣),内務大臣(同前),文部大臣(第2次伊藤博文内閣)を歴任して26年子爵。<参考文献>瑞山会編『維新土佐勤王史』,寺石正路『土佐偉人伝』

(福地惇)

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