Zodiac - twelve signs

Japanese: 黄道十二宮 - こうどうじゅうにきゅう
Zodiac - twelve signs

The celestial area along the ecliptic is divided into 12 parts called the 12 signs. Starting from the vernal equinox, the ecliptic longitude from 0 to 30 degrees is Aries, 30 to 60 degrees is Taurus, and the remaining 30 degrees are Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces. These correspond to the 12 constellations on the zodiac: Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces, and were used to indicate the positions of the sun, moon, and five planets in horoscope astrology, which began in the ancient Orient and was popular in medieval Europe, and which predicts human fate based on the state of the heavens at the time of birth. Due to the precession of the celestial sphere, the vernal equinox has now moved to Pisces, but in the zodiac, this celestial region is called Aries, and each of the names differs from the actual constellations.

In Buddhism, the twelve zodiac signs were introduced into the esoteric system, and in the Commentary on the Mahavairocana Sutra, the twelve zodiac gods are described as attendants of the Western Moon God, and their images are sometimes depicted on the outer edge of the Womb Realm Mandala.Their names are in the following order: Leo, Woman, Libra, Scorpio, Archer, Capricorn, Capricorn, Pisces, Aries, Bull, Lust, and Cancer, and the shapes of the signs, such as Capricorn and Gemini, are completely different from the Greek constellations.

[Goro Ishida and Asahi Fujii]

"Starry Night Watching," photographed by Numazawa Shigemi and edited by the NHK reporting team (1991, NHK Publishing)""The Complete Astrology, by Jean Karels, translated by Abe Hidenori (1996, Seidosha)""The Stars and Man: Spiritual Science and the Heavenly Bodies, by Rudolf Steiner, translated by Nishikawa Takanori (2001, Futosha)""The Origin of Astrology, by Yajima Fumio (Chikuma Gakugei Bunko)"

[References] | Sagittarius | Pisces |Taurus| Virgo | Aries | Cancer | Affiliation | Ecliptic | Precession |Scorpio| Leo | Vernal Equinox | Constellation | Astrology | Womb Mandala | Mahavairocana Sutra Commentary| Libra | Gemini |Horoscope | Aquarius|Esoteric Buddhism | Capricorn
Zodiac signs
©Shogakukan ">

Zodiac signs


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

黄道に沿った天域を12分割して十二宮とよぶ。春分点に始まり、黄経0~30度を白羊宮、30~60度を金牛宮、以下30度分割で双子宮(そうしきゅう)(双児宮)、巨蟹宮(きょかいきゅう)、獅子宮(ししきゅう)、処女宮、天秤宮(てんびんきゅう)、天蝎宮(てんかつきゅう)、人馬宮、磨羯宮(まかつきゅう)、宝瓶宮(ほうへいきゅう)、双魚宮とよんだ。これは黄道上の12星座である、おひつじ、おうし、ふたご、かに、しし、おとめ、てんびん、さそり、いて、やぎ、みずがめ、うおの各座に対応するもので、とくに古代オリエントに始まり、中世ヨーロッパで流行した、出生時の天界のありさまで人間の運命を占うホロスコープ占星術において、太陽、月、五惑星の位置を示すのに使われた。天球の歳差運動により春分点が現在ではうお座に移っているが、十二宮ではこの天域の名称は白羊宮で、現実の星座とは一つずつ食い違った命名になっている。

 仏教では密教体系に十二宮が移入され、『大日経疏(だいにちきょうしょ)』では十二宮神を西方月天の眷属(けんぞく)とし、胎蔵界曼荼羅(まんだら)図の外縁部にその姿が描かれていることがあり、その名称は、獅子宮、女(にょ)宮、秤(しょう)宮、蝎(かつ)宮、弓宮、磨羯宮、缾(へい)宮、魚宮、羊宮、牛宮、婬(いん)宮、蟹(かい)宮の順で、図形も、やぎ、ふたごなどはギリシアの星座とはまったく違った姿になっている。

[石田五郎・藤井 旭]

『沼沢茂美写真、NHK取材班編『大星夜ウオッチング』(1991・日本放送出版協会)』『ジャン・カレルズ著、阿部秀典訳『占星術大全』(1996・青土社)』『ルドルフ・シュタイナー著、西川隆範訳『星と人間――精神科学と天体』(2001・風濤社)』『矢島文夫著『占星術の起源』(ちくま学芸文庫)』

[参照項目] | いて座 | うお座 | おうし座 | おとめ座 | おひつじ座 | かに座 | 眷属 | 黄道 | 歳差 | さそり座 | しし座 | 春分 | 星座 | 占星術 | 胎蔵界曼荼羅 | 大日経疏 | てんびん座 | ふたご座 | ホロスコープ | みずがめ座 | 密教 | やぎ座
黄道十二宮
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黄道十二宮


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