A phenomenon in which a large amount of dust is picked up by the wind in arid regions such as the Gobi Desert in inland China, carried by the westerly winds, and slowly falls on eastern China, the Korean Peninsula, Japan, and other areas. It occurs most often in the spring, turning the sky yellow-brown and causing problems such as impaired visibility and respiratory illnesses. The number of times it flies into Japan varies greatly from year to year. In recent years, the amount of yellow sand has been increasing due to the progress of desertification in mainland China. The number of days when yellow sand was observed (the number of days when it was observed at any of 98 locations nationwide) has been increasing year by year, with a peak of 55 days in 2002. With the economic growth of Asia in recent years, brown clouds (brown clouds with a high density of aerosols suspended in the air, such as yellow sand and air pollutants) have become more noticeable in the skies over Asia, and concerns have begun to be raised about global warming predictions and the impact on health. The Japan Meteorological Agency has been issuing forecast information on yellow sand since January 2004. [Number of days with yellow sand observed each year] (1971-1980) 12, 11, 16, 14, 14, 34, 42, 28, 32, 14 (1981-1990) 34, 16, 26, 15, 22, 5, 10, 20, 16, 43 (1991-2000) 19, 28, 30, 31, 12, 34, 16, 13, 22, 49 (2001-2007) 48, 55, 15, 31, 43, 42, 34 (Jan-Aug) (Yo Narumura, Director of Wakayama Meteorological Observatory / 2008) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
中国内陸部のゴビ砂漠などの乾燥地帯で、風によって巻き上げられた多量の砂塵(さじん)が偏西風に乗って運ばれ、中国東部、朝鮮半島、日本などにゆっくり降下する現象。春に多く、空を黄褐色にし、視程障害、呼吸器疾患などをもたらす。日本への飛来回数は年による差が大きい。近年、中国大陸の砂漠化が進み、黄砂は増加傾向にある。黄砂観測日数(全国98地点のいずれかで観測した日数)は、年々増加傾向にあり、最大は2002年の55日。近年のアジアの経済成長に伴い、アジア上空に褐色雲(黄砂や大気汚染物質など、大気中に浮遊するエアロゾルが高密度に集まった褐色の雲)が目立っており、地球温暖化予測や健康への影響が懸念され始めている。04年1月から気象庁が黄砂に関する予測情報を発表している。 【年ごとの黄砂の観測日数】 (1971〜1980) 12、11、16、14、14、34、42、28、32、14 (1981〜1990) 34、16、26、15、22、 5、10、20、16、43 (1991〜2000) 19、28、30、31、12、34、16、13、22、49 (2001〜2007) 48、55、15、31、43、42、34(1〜8月)
(饒村曜 和歌山気象台長 / 2008年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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