A Mongolian history book compiled by the Mongols during the Mongol Empire. The original title is Mongghol-un ni'ucha tobcha'an (Secret History of the Mongols). The author is unknown. It was compiled in the Year of the Rat in the 1200s (1240, 1252, 1264, and other theories exist). It was transliterated into Chinese characters at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, with Chinese translations for each word and a free Chinese translation of each section at the end, and it was divided into 12 volumes (some even have 15 volumes). Some Mongols still kept it in the original format. The contents are centered on the achievements of Genghis Khan, preceded by a genealogy and story of his and the ancestors of the Mongolians, and followed by the achievements of Ogedei Khan's reign. The overall tone of the work emphasizes the legitimacy of the rule of Genghis Khan and his descendants, and praises the loyalty and meritorious service of his noble subjects. Partway through, the twelve zodiac signs are added and the work takes on a chronicle-like style, but in reality, perhaps reflecting the historical outlook of the Mongolians at the time and their reliance on oral sources, the historical facts are arranged in a narrative and epic style, and verse is incorporated throughout. It is literally a fundamental document on Mongolian language, history, folklore, and more. [Junichi Yoshida] "Genghis Khan Annals, translated and annotated by Naka Michiyo (1943, Chikuma Shobo)" ▽ "Murakami Shoji Translated and Annotated "Secret History of the Mongols", 3 volumes (Heibonsha, Toyo Bunko)" Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
モンゴル帝国時代にモンゴル人がまとめたモンゴル語の史書。原題は『モンゴル秘史』Mongghol-un ni'ucha tobcha'an。著者不明。編纂(へんさん)年代は1200年代の鼠(ねずみ)の年(1240年、1252年、1264年その他の説がある)。明(みん)朝の初めに漢字で音訳され、各語に中国語訳が付され、各節末にその節の中国語意訳が付され、12巻(十五巻本もある)に分けられた。もとの体裁のままのものもモンゴル人の間に存在した。内容はチンギス・ハン(成吉思汗)の事績が中心であり、その前に彼とモンゴル人の祖先の系譜と物語を置き、そのあとにオゴタイ・ハンの治世の事績を付してある。そして全体としてチンギス・ハンとその子孫の支配の正統性の強調と功臣の忠誠、勲功の称揚を基調としている。途中から十二支が配され年代記風となるが、実際は当時のモンゴル人の歴史観や口承の資料に依拠したことなどを反映してか、史実が物語風、叙事詩風に整理され、韻文が随所に盛り込まれている。モンゴルの言語、歴史、民俗その他に関する文字どおり基本文献である。 [吉田順一] 『那珂通世訳注『成吉思汗実録』(1943・筑摩書房)』▽『村上正二訳注『モンゴル秘史』全3冊(平凡社・東洋文庫)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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