Gelada baboon

Japanese: ゲラダヒヒ - げらだひひ(英語表記)gelada baboon
Gelada baboon

It is an animal of the family Cercopithecidae, order Primates, class Mammalia. It lives in the highland grasslands of northern Ethiopia at altitudes of over 2,000 meters. Males reach a body length of 70 cm, a tail length of 60 cm, and weigh 20 kg, while females are small. Their entire bodies are covered in brown hair, and males have a mantle-like long hair on their shoulders. Males have a heart-shaped hairless area on their chest, while females have round lumps of flesh lined up like a necklace from their neck to their chest. When they are in heat, the skin of these areas becomes redder.

At night, they sleep on the rock shelves of cliffs, and during the day, they range in the grasslands above the cliffs. Their diet consists mainly of grasses, leaves, stems, and roots, and they also eat insects. A one-male unit of 2-25 individuals, including one male and several females, is the basic social unit and breeding group. Some units and males that do not belong to them form a higher-level group (herd). Each unit maintains its independence while ranging, and while it repeatedly comes and goes, it shares the range of the herd. This type of multi-layered social structure, along with that of the Hamadryas baboon, is noteworthy as a rare example among non-human primates.

[Kenji Kawanaka]

[References] | Baboon

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

哺乳(ほにゅう)綱霊長目オナガザル科の動物。エチオピア北部の標高2000メートル以上の高地草原にすむ。雄は体長70センチメートル、尾長60センチメートル、体重20キログラムになり、雌は小形である。全身褐色の毛で覆われ、雄の肩にはマント状の長毛が発達している。雄の胸にはハート形の無毛の部分があり、雌では頸(くび)から胸にかけて丸い肉塊がネックレス状に並んでいる。発情するとこれらの皮膚の赤みが増す。

 夜は断崖(だんがい)の岩棚で眠り、日中は崖(がけ)の上の草原に出て遊動する。イネ科植物、葉、茎、根を主食にし、昆虫も食べる。1頭の雄と数頭の雌を含む2~25頭のワンメール・ユニットが基本的社会単位で、繁殖集団でもある。いくつかのユニットと、それに所属していない雄たちが、より上位の集団(ハード)を形成する。各ユニットは、遊動中は独立性を維持し、離合集散を繰り返しながらも、ハードの遊動域を共有している。このような重層的な社会構造は、マントヒヒの社会とともに、ヒト以外の霊長類ではまれな例として注目される。

[川中健二]

[参照項目] | ヒヒ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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