A material capable of adsorbing residual gases in vacuum equipment, used to achieve a high vacuum. A solid getter that performs the adsorption action is called a contact getter, while a material that disperses in the gas and adsorbs is called a dispersed or diffusion getter. Most metals have both gettering actions, but thorium, vanadium, titanium, etc. are used as contact getters, while calcium, magnesium, barium, etc. are mainly used for their dispersed gettering action, and are used by deposition or sputtering. They are used in maintaining the vacuum in sealed systems such as vacuum tubes, and in ion pumps, etc. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
真空装置内の残留気体を吸着しうる材料のことで,高真空を達成する目的に使用されるもの。固体で吸着作用を行わせるものを接触ゲッター,気体中に分散させて吸着させるものを分散または拡散ゲッターと呼んでいる。ほとんどの金属は両方のゲッター作用をもっているが,トリウム,バナジウム,チタンなどは接触ゲッターとして,またカルシウム,マグネシウム,バリウムなどは分散ゲッター作用がおもに利用され,蒸着またはスパッタして用いられる。真空管などの封じた系の真空度維持や,イオンポンプなどに利用されている。
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