Keiseiko - Keiseiko

A local nobleman from the Song Dynasty in China. From the end of the Tang Dynasty onwards, the term was used to mean a powerful family, a noble clan, or an influential household, but in the Song Dynasty, many of these noble families became official households through the imperial examinations, and they formed the ruling class, known as noble families of high rank and high status or noble families of high status. In the Southern Song Dynasty, in addition to official households, the term was defined to include heads of local government offices, guardians, and officials. Their economic base was the ownership of large tracts of land, and on both tax books and family registers, they were marked as noble families in red ink to distinguish them from ordinary households.

[Setsuko Yanagida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、宋(そう)代の地方豪族。唐末以降、権勢ある家、豪族など有力戸を意味する用語として使われたが、宋に入ると、これら形勢戸のなかから科挙によって官戸となる者が多く出て、品官形勢の家、形勢官戸などといわれて支配階層を形成した。南宋では、官戸のほか、耆戸(きこ)長、保正、吏人などを含むと規定されている。大土地所有を経済的基盤とし、両税簿や戸籍上、とくに形勢戸と朱書されて一般民戸と区別された。

［柳田節子］

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