The patriarchal paternalism of the family system is brought into corporate management and made into the operating principle of management. Under managerial familism, the manager is not only a functional employer and supervisor, but also an absolute authority like a patriarch (head of household), who intervenes in the personal lives of employees both materially and mentally, and at the same time, takes care of them, which corresponds to the obligation to protect the family. Employees take this protection as a natural benefit, tolerate the intervention in their personal lives, and work hard at production with loyalty. The lifetime employment system is said to be a basic feature of Japanese management, and it contains the idea of providing lifelong protection to those who become family members, and it is the foundation that supports managerial familism. In managerial familism, harmony and human contact are emphasized. When hiring employees, collective cooperation is emphasized over ability, and promotions and personnel transfers are carried out based on seniority. As we enter an aging society, the decline of the lifetime employment system due to the adoption of meritocracy is weakening the foundations of managerial familyism. [Mitsuo Morimoto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
家族制度における家父長的温情主義を企業経営に持ち込み、それを経営の運営原理とすること。経営家族主義のもとでは、経営者は単に機能的な雇用・指揮監督者であるばかりでなく、家父長(戸主)のように絶対的権力者として物心両面にわたって従業員の個人の生活面にも介入し、その反面、家族庇護(ひご)の義務に相当するめんどうをみる。従業員はその庇護を当然の恩恵として受け取り、個人生活への介入を甘受するとともに、忠誠を捧(ささ)げて生産に励むことになる。終身雇用制は日本的経営の基本的特徴であるといわれるが、それは、いったん身内となった者に終生の保護を与えるという思想を内包しており、経営家族主義を支える基盤になっている。経営家族主義では、人の和と人間的接触が重視される。従業員の採用では、能力よりも集団的協調性が重視され、昇進や人事異動は年功主義により行われる。高齢化社会を迎え、能力主義の採用などによる終身雇用制の後退は、経営家族主義の基盤を弱めている。 [森本三男] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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