This refers to the idea of limiting wartime artillery and bombing to military targets only. It has been accepted from the standpoint of both military necessity and humanitarian considerations, but examples such as area bombing during World War II, strategic urban bombing, and the use of weapons of mass destruction such as nuclear weapons are incompatible with this doctrine. It is difficult to clarify the concept of military objectives, and it is becoming difficult to strictly apply this doctrine in modern total warfare, but on the other hand, advances in military technology have created the possibility of implementing military objectives once again. One example is the so-called pinpoint attacks carried out during the 1991 Gulf War, using bombers equipped with targeting devices and guided weapons. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
戦時の砲爆撃を軍事的目標にのみ限定しようとする考え方をいう。軍事的必要性と人道的考慮の両面から認められてきたが,第2次世界大戦中の地域爆撃,戦略都市爆撃,核兵器等の大量破壊兵器の使用などには,この主義と相いれないものがある。軍事目標の概念を明確にすることはむずかしく,また総力的な現代戦においてはこの主義を厳格に適用することが困難になってきているが,他方軍事技術の進歩により再び軍事目標主義を実行する可能性が生れている。 1991年の湾岸戦争において,目標指示装置を装備した爆撃機や誘導兵器により,いわゆるピンポイント攻撃が行われたのはその例である。
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