Born: circa 1750. Chalon-sur-Marne [Died] June 3, 1841. Massy, near Paris. French chef, confectioner, and wine brewer. Invented the method of preserving food in sealed containers (the principle of canning). In 1795, the French Directory asked for a prize for a method of preserving food suitable for long-distance transportation, and he conducted experiments for 14 years. He developed a method of boiling a glass bottle with a cork stopper, fastening it with wire and sealing it with wax, and by changing the heating time, he succeeded in preserving various foods such as soup, fruit, vegetables, juice, dairy products, jams, and syrups. In 1810, he won a prize of 12,000 francs and published a paper summarizing his research results, L'Art de conserver, pendant plusieurs années, toutes les substances animales et vegétales (A method of preserving various kinds of meat and vegetables for several years). In 1812, he used the prize money to establish the world's first canned food factory, "Appert & Co.", which operated until 1933. He also developed solid soup stock, a non-acidic gelatin extraction method, and perfected the autoclave. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1750頃. シャロンシュルマルヌ [没]1841.6.3. パリ近郊マッシー フランスの料理人,菓子職人,酒造家。密封容器による食品保存方法(缶詰の原理)を発明した。1795年にフランス総裁政府が長距離輸送に適した食品の保存方法を懸賞金つきで募集したことをうけ,その後 14年間にわたり実験を行なった。コルクで栓をしたガラス瓶を針金で留め,ろうで密封して沸騰加熱するという方法を開発し,加熱時間を変えることによりスープ,果物,野菜,ジュース,乳製品,ジャム,シロップなどさまざまな食品の保存に成功。1810年懸賞に当選し 1万2000フランの賞金を獲得,研究成果をまとめた論文『各種食肉・野菜を数年間保存する方法』L'Art de conserver, pendant plusieurs années, toutes les substances animales et végétalesを発表した。1812年賞金を元に世界初の缶詰工場「アペール商会」を設立,工場は 1933年まで操業した。そのほか固形スープの素や非酸性ゼラチン抽出法を開発し,加圧滅菌器を完成させるなどの功績も残した。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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